安徽省碘缺乏地区孕妇碘缺乏病防治知识及行为调查分析  

Investigation and analysis of knowledge and behavior of iodine deficiency disorders prevention and treatment among pregnant women in iodine deficiency areas in Anhui Province

作　　者：田翠翠[1] 虞晨[1] 许娴[1] 赵立胜[1] 刘婷婷[2] 徐署东 李卫东[1] Tian Cuicui;Yu Chen;Xu Xian;Zhao Lisheng;Liu Tingting;Xu Shudong;Li Weidong(Department for Endemic and Parasitic Diseases Control and Prevention,Anhui Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Hefei 230601,China;Physical and Chemical Laboratory,Anhui Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Hefei 230601,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽省疾病预防控制中心地方病与寄生虫病防治科,合肥230601 [2]安徽省疾病预防控制中心理化检验室,合肥230601

出　　处：《中华地方病学杂志》2021年第8期674-678,共5页Chinese Journal of Endemiology

摘　　要：目的了解干预措施实施前后安徽省碘缺乏地区孕妇碘缺乏病防治知识知晓情况及行为变化,为孕妇碘营养改善提供科学依据。方法2018年3-12月,选取安徽省碘缺乏地区庐江县庐城和泥河镇作为调查地点,依托乡镇卫生院选取产检的孕早期(≤12周)孕妇作为调查对象,并对调查对象进行长期随访。采集孕早期孕妇家庭食用盐,采用直接滴定法检测盐碘含量;采集所抽取孕妇孕早期、孕中期(13~28周)和孕晚期(≥29周)上午随机尿样,采用砷铈催化分光光度法检测尿碘含量。对孕早期孕妇开展基线问卷调查,主要包括基本情况,碘缺乏病防治知识(孕妇容易缺碘、孕妇缺碘的危害、孕妇适宜补碘方法和含碘量较高的食物),富碘食物食用频率。基线调查结束后,在乡镇开展碘缺乏病防治知识宣传,推荐孕妇食用海带、紫菜等富碘食物补碘,干预活动持续6个月,并在孕晚期对孕妇开展回顾性问卷调查。结果共采集孕早期孕妇家庭食用盐128份,盐碘中位数为21.5 mg/kg,碘盐覆盖率为99.2%(127/128),碘盐合格率为98.4%(125/127),合格碘盐食用率为97.7%(125/128)。分别在孕早、中、晚期采集孕妇尿样129、95、70份,尿碘中位数分别为179.0、185.5、189.7μg/L,均处于碘适宜水平。干预前、后碘缺乏病防治知识总知晓率分别为22.4%(28/125)、64.6%(82/127),二者比较差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=45.538,P<0.01)。与干预前比较,干预后孕妇缺碘的危害、孕妇适宜补碘方法和含碘量较高的食物知晓率均较高(P均<0.01)。孕妇孕早、中、晚期食用海带和紫菜等其他富碘食物频率比较,差异均有统计学意义(χ^(2)=163.170、102.373,P均<0.01)。干预前57名(45.2%)孕妇没吃过海带,干预后下降到1名(0.8%);干预前72名(57.1%)孕妇没吃过紫菜等其他富碘食物,干预后下降到7名(5.5%)。结论干预后安徽省碘缺乏地区孕妇碘缺乏病防治知识知晓率、富碘食�Objective:To understand the knowledge and behavior changes of pregnant women on iodine deficiency disorders(IDD)prevention and treatment in iodine deficiency areas in Anhui Province before and after the implementation of the intervention measures,and to provide a scientific basis for pregnant women's iodine nutrition improvement.Methods:From March to December 2018,from Lujiang County,an iodine deficiency area in Anhui Province,Lucheng and Nihe towns were selected as the survey sites.Relying on the township health centers,pregnant women in early pregnancy(≤12 weeks)were selected as the survey subjects,and long-term follow-up was conducted.The edible salt samples of pregnant women in early pregnancy were collected and salt iodine content was detected by direct titration method.The urine samples of pregnant women in the morning in early,middle(13-28 weeks)and late pregnancies(≥29 weeks)were collected,urinary iodine content was determined by arsenic-cerium catalytic spectrophotometry.Baseline questionnaire survey was conducted for pregnant women in early pregnancy,mainly including basic information,IDD prevention and treatment knowledge(pregnant women prone to iodine deficiency,the harm of iodine deficiency in pregnant women,suitable iodine supplement methods for pregnant women and foods with high iodine content),and the consumption frequency of iodine-rich foods.After the baseline survey,the knowledge publicity on IDD prevention and treatment was carried out in townships,and iodine-rich foods such as kelp and laver were recommended to supplement iodine.The intervention activities lasted for 6 months,and retrospective questionnaire survey was conducted on pregnant women in late pregnancy.Results:A total of 128 edible salt samples were collected from the families of pregnant women in early pregnancy,and the median salt iodine was 21.5 mg/kg.The iodized salt coverage rate was 99.2%(127/128),the qualified rate of iodized salt was 98.4%(125/127),and the consumption rate of qualified iodized salt was 97.7%(125/128).A

关 键 词：孕妇 碘营养 知识 行为 

分 类 号：R715.3[医药卫生—妇产科学]