湛江湾潮滩沉积物微塑料污染特征  

Microplastic Pollution of the Beaches in Zhanjiang Bay, China

作　　者：姚思琦 林宗轩 冯明骏 邱梓惠 胡耀强 陈法锦[1,2] Yao Siqi;Lin Zongxuan;Feng Mingjun;Qiu Zihui;Hu Yaoqiang;Chen Fajin(College of Ocean and Meteorology,Guangdong Ocean University,Zhanjiang 524088;Laboratory for Coastal Ocean Variation and Disaster Prediction,Guangdong Ocean University,Zhanjiang 524088,China)

机构地区：[1]广东海洋大学海洋与气象学院近海海洋变化与灾害预警实验室,广东湛江524088 [2]广东海洋大学,广东省高等学校陆架及深远海气候、资源与环境重点实验室,广东湛江524088

出　　处：《广东化工》2021年第15期60-64,共5页Guangdong Chemical Industry

基　　金：广东海洋大学大学生创新创业训练计划项目(CXXL2020155);广东海洋大学创新强校项目(230419122)。

摘　　要：为调查湛江湾海岸线微塑料污染现状,本研究以湛江湾沿岸五个典型潮滩为采样站点。通过浮选、消解提取潮滩沉积物中的微塑料,并采用傅里叶红外光谱仪分析其结构。研究结果表明:湛江湾潮滩表层沉积物中微塑料的丰度介于61~989个/m^(2)之间,形状主要分为薄膜、片状、纤维、球状、泡沫五类。可观测部分微塑料的平均粒径为1.3 mm,其中有73%的微塑料粒径小于1.5 mm,以片状居多,其次为薄膜状;从颜色方面分析,透明微塑料占比最高。通过红外光谱分析,发现微塑料成分中聚丙烯成分占比最大。综合分析推测,采样站位的人流量密集、养殖区规模、红树林截流等因素可能会影响该地区微塑料的聚集。微塑料易吸附于颗粒物表面,又鉴于其尺寸小不易清理的特点,漂浮于水面而富集在湛江湾沿岸潮滩沉积物中。In order to investigate the situation of microplastic pollution along Zhanjiang Bay, this study used the samples based on five typical beaches along Zhanjiang Bay. After being extracted through flotation and oxidation, microplastic was also analyzed by FTIR. The results showed that the abundance of microplastics from surface sediment varied between 61 n/m^(2) and 989 n/m^(2). There were five main types being identified in Zhanjiang Bay, including films, fragments,fibers, pellets, foams. The average size of microplastics was 1.3 mm, 73 % of microplastics were less than 1.5 mm, among which fragment type was dominant, and films ranked the second. In the color types of microplastic, transparent type accounted for the largest proportion. Microscopic infrared results showed that polypropylene was the major component. In general, the intensive population, active breeding, and sea water closure through mangrove contributed to plastic aggregation, such as plastic bags, films, ropes and so on. Owing to its small size, it was hard to clear up, which leads to high abundance along the bay.

关 键 词：湛江湾 潮滩 微塑料 红外光谱 

分 类 号：TQ[化学工程]