坦桑尼亚新华人移民社群中的关系建构与信任生成  

Relationship Construction and Trust Generation of New Chinese Immigrant Community in Tanzania

作　　者：孙嫱[1] 刘东旭[2] SUN Qiang;LIU Dong-xu(Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology,Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing 100081,China;School of Ethnology and Sociology,Minzu University of China,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院民族学与人类学研究所,北京100081 [2]中央民族大学民族学与社会学学院,北京100081

出　　处：《北方民族大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2021年第5期88-95,共8页Journal of North Minzu University(Philosophy and Social Science)

基　　金：中国侨联一般项目“非洲华人华侨与五邑侨乡社会研究”(19BZQK227)。

摘　　要：信任感弱被认为是20世纪90年代以来流入坦桑尼亚的新华人移民社群的外显特征之一。文章考察了当地市场、中资企业和华人旅店三个新移民聚集的场景,分析其信任关系的特点,发现市场中人们的关系受高度抽象的交换逻辑主导,在移民过程的特殊阶段可能会因激烈的市场竞争而导致信任破裂;中资企业员工则通过严格的纪律和家长式管理强化内部信任,但他们的“隔离”生活可能会影响其对当地员工的信任感;华人旅店中,陌生的过客因共同生活而聚集,其关系建构无关乎利益交换,更容易坦诚交往,建立短期信任。在华人移民社群中,关系建构是信任生成的基础,起主导作用的关系模式会影响彼此的信任生成。The weak sense of trust is considered to be one of the explicit characteristics of the new Chinese immigrant community flowing into Tanzania since the 1990 s. This paper examines the three scenes of new immigrants gathering in the local market,Chinese enterprises and Chinese hotels,analyzes the characteristics of their trust relationship,and finds that people’s relationship in the market is dominated by highly abstract exchange logic,which may lead to trust rupture due to fierce market competition in the special stage of the immigration process. Employees of Chinese enterprises strengthen internal trust through strict discipline and paternalistic management,but their isolated life may affect their sense of trust in local employees. In Chinese hotels,strange passers-by gather because of living together. The construction of their relationship is not related to the exchange of interests. It is easier to communicate frankly and establish short-term trust. Then it points out that in the Chinese immigrant community,relationship construction is the basis of trust generation,and the dominant relationship model will affect each other’s trust generation.

关 键 词：信任生成 关系建构 坦桑尼亚 新移民社群 

分 类 号：C922[社会学—人口学]