272例非职业性急性一氧化碳中毒患者特征分析  

Feature analysis on the 272 cases of non-occupational carbon monoxide poisoning

作　　者：王玲[1] 张天[1] 许晓刚[1] 李坤鹏 温嬿峥 李桂花[1] WANG Ling;ZHANG Tian;XU Xiaogang;LI Kunpeng;WEN Yanzheng;LI Guihua(Emergency Department,the First Affiliated Hospital of Shihezi University School of Medicine,Shihezi 832000,China)

机构地区：[1]石河子大学医学院第一附属医院急诊科,新疆石河子832002

出　　处：《中华灾害救援医学》2021年第9期1201-1205,1226,共6页Chinese Journal of Disaster Medicine

摘　　要：目的分析非职业性急性一氧化碳中毒患者发病特点及并发症的发生情况,为非职业性急性一氧化碳中毒的预防和急救提供科学的参考依据。方法选取2017-01至2020-12石河子大学第一附属医院急诊病区收治的非职业性急性一氧化碳中毒患者,收集患者的基本信息、中毒时间、发病特点等基本资料进行统计分析。结果(1)2017-01至2020-12石河子大学第一附属医院急诊科病区共收住非职业性一氧化碳中毒患者272例;男性147例,占54.04%;女性125例,占45.96%;患者年龄1~88岁,平均年龄(50.89±15.83)岁,集中在41~60岁(50.00%)、61~80岁(22.43%)、21~40岁(21.69%);小学及以下(37.50%)及初中(37.87%)学历中毒人数最多。其中轻度中毒131例(48.16%),中度中毒77例(28.31%),重度中毒64例(23.53),住院期间死亡7例(2.57%)。(2)1月、2月、3月、11月、12月为发病高峰,1月份发病率最高,占23.53%。日非职业性ACOP就诊时段高峰为22:00至次日02:00。中毒的主要原因是煤炉取暖,占72.79%。(3)就诊症状主要表现为恶心(55.51%)、其次是昏迷(50.37%)、头晕(46.32%)、呕吐(39.71%)。(4)中毒并发症中心肌损害占比最高,为41.91%,272例中毒患者除外中毒性脑病及住院期间死亡的患者,随访3月内发生迟发性脑病共52例,占随访人数20.97%。结论本研究提供了非职业性急性一氧化碳中毒患者的流行病学资料,为急性一氧化碳中毒的防范和治疗工作提供了科学依据。Objective To analyze the characteristics and complications of patients with non-occupational Acute Carbon Monoxide Poisoning(ACOP),and to provide scientific references for the prevention and first aid of non-occupational ACOP.Methods Patients with non-occupational ACOP admitted to the emergency ward of the First Affiliated Hospital of Shihezi University from January 2017 to December 2020 were selected.The patients’profile,poisoning time,incidence characteristics and other basic data were collected for statistical analysis.Results 1.From January 2017 to December 2020,a total of 272 patients with nonoccupational carbon monoxide poisoning were admitted to the Emergency Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Shihezi University,including 147 males(54.04%)and 125 females(45.96%);The age of the patients ranged from 1 to 88 years old,with an average of(50.89±15.83)years old.Cases were primarily in 41-60 years old(50.00%),followed by 61-80 years old(22.43%)and 21-40 years old(21.69%);Most cases graduated from elementary school and below(37.50%),and junior high school(37.87%).From the diagnosis and treatment perspective,131 cases(48.16%)were mild poisoning,77 cases(28.31%)were moderate poisoning,64 cases(23.53%)were severe poisoning,and 7 cases(2.57%)died during hospitalization.2.The peak periods of incidence were January,February,March,November,and December,with January the highest(23.53%).The peak time of daily non-occupational ACOP visits was from 22:00 to 02:00.The main cause of poisoning was coal stove heating,accounting for 72.79%.3.The main symptoms were nausea(55.51%),coma(50.37%),dizziness(46.32%),and vomiting(39.71%).4.Myocardium was the highest(41.91%)among all the complications.Except for exogenic toxic encephalopathy and death during hospitalization,52 cases had delayed encephalopathy in the followed three months,accounting for 20.97%of all follow-ups.Conclusion This study provides the epidemiological data of non-occupational ACOP patients as a scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of AC

关 键 词：一氧化碳 中毒 非职业性 流行病学 

分 类 号：R18[医药卫生—流行病学]