湖北省2020年洪灾后血吸虫病防控措施效果评价  

Effect evaluation of the preventive and control measures against schistosomiasis after the floods in Hubei province in 2020

作　　者：李凯杰[1] 皮琦[1] 肖瑛[1] 元艺[1] 王晖[1] 刘建兵[1] LI Kaijie;PI Qi;XIAO Ying;YUAN Yi;WANG Hui;LIU Jianbing(Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Wuhan 430070,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北省疾病预防控制中心,湖北武汉430079

出　　处：《中华灾害救援医学》2021年第9期1216-1218,1247,共4页Chinese Journal of Disaster Medicine

摘　　要：目的评价湖北省2020年特大汛期后血吸虫病防治工作的措施和成效,为今后汛期中的血吸虫病防控应急处置工作提供经验。方法根据我省血吸虫病风险监测资料,结合各地汛情及现场调查情况,对19个有钉螺扩散的受灾县根据汛后各地防控成效,综合评估灾后血吸虫病防控效果。结果截至汛期结束,19个受灾疫区县市,通过下发吡喹酮、防蚴灵、灭螺药物、登记下水人、给予预防服药、灭螺、健康促进等措施,及汛后开展钉螺扩散调查,风险监测等手段的综合防控。汛期及汛后监测均未发生接触有螺水体人员发热情况,未发生血吸虫病疫情。对接触有螺水体人员进行血清学检测,阳性率为0,未发现粪检阳性病人,未发现感染性钉螺。发热门诊哨点监测未发现血吸虫感染病例,未发现粪检阳性耕牛。结论2020年特大汛期中所采取的血吸虫病防治措施行之有效,实现了汛期、汛后无血吸虫病传播的目标。Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of the preventive and control measures taken against the schistosomiasis that was happened after the flood season in Hubei Province in 2020,and to provide a reference to the emergency treatment of schistosomiasis in the coming flood seasons.Methods Based on the provincial risk monitoring data of the schistosomiasis,the flood situation,and the field investigation,an all-rounded evaluation on the preventive and control effects in the 19 affected counties were carried out.Results By the end of the flood season,measures such as distributing praziquantel,cercaricide(Fangyouling),and molluscicidal drugs,registration of underwater workers,as well as taking prophylactic drugs,molluscicide,and health promotion were carried out in the 19 flood-and-schistosomiasis affected counties.Investigation and risk monitoring on the spread of oncomelania were conducted after the floods.There was no fever found among the people who had contact with the oncomelania water during and after the flood season,and no schistosomiasis epidemic was detected.Among the people who had contact with the oncomelania water,the positive rate of serological examination was 0,no positive patients were found from stool tests,and no cases of schistosomiasis infection were found.No cases of schistosomiasis infection or positive cases from stool tests in farm cattle were found in the sentinel surveillance station at the fever clinic.Conclusion The measures adopted in the 2020 flood season are effective,achieving the goal of zero schistosomiasis transmission during and after the flood season.

关 键 词：血吸虫病 特大水灾 防控措施 效果评价 

分 类 号：R184[医药卫生—流行病学]