通用可组合框架下的公平理性委托计算  

Fair and rational delegation of computation in the universally composable framework

作　　者：田有亮[1,2,3] 蒋小霞 TIAN Youliang;JIANG Xiaoxia(College of Computer Science and Technology,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China;State Key Laboratory of Public Big Data,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China;Institute of Cryptography&Data Security,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学计算机科学与技术学院,贵州贵阳550025 [2]贵州大学省部共建公共大数据国家重点实验室(筹),贵州贵阳550025 [3]贵州大学密码学与数据安全研究所,贵州贵阳550025

出　　处：《通信学报》2021年第9期106-119,共14页Journal on Communications

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.U1836205,No.61662009,No.61772008);贵州省科技计划基金资助项目(No.20183001,黔科合基础[2019]1098,黔科合平台人才[2020]6008,黔教合人才团队[2013]09);贵阳市科技计划基金资助项目(筑科合[2021]1-5)。

摘　　要：为实现理性委托计算中的经济与信誉公平性,基于密码学的区块链模型提出了通用可组合(UC)框架下的公平理性委托计算方案。首先,结合直接信誉和间接信誉构建关于委托方与计算方的双向信誉激励模型。其次,基于博弈论构建具有完美信息的理性委托计算动态博弈模型,分析得到唯一子博弈纳什均衡。再次,根据理性委托计算场景中的可验证性安全需求、参与者理性决策需求、经济与信誉公平需求以及敌手模型,基于通用可组合理论提出公平理性委托计算理想函数。最后,结合简洁承诺证明和智能合约提出了可安全实现理想函数的公平理性委托计算协议。协议分析证明,所提协议满足UC安全性。To realize the economic and reputation fairness in rational delegation of computation,a fair and rational delegation of computation scheme based on blockchain model of cryptography in the universally composable(UC)framework was proposed.Firstly,a bidirectional reputation incentive model between the delegator and the calculator was presented by combining direct reputation and indirect reputation.Secondly,a dynamic game model with perfect information for fair and rational delegation of computation was constructed based on game theory,and a unique sub-game Nash equilibrium was further obtained.In addition,by analyzing the requirements for verifiability,rational decision of players,economic and reputation fairness,as well as adversary model,the ideal functionality for fair and rational delegation of computation was proposed.Finally,a fair and rational delegation of computation protocol by combining succinct commit-and-prove and smart contract was proposed to securely realize the ideal functionality.The security analysis shows that the proposed protocol satisfies UC security.

关 键 词：公平理性委托计算 通用可组合框架 智能合约 密码学的区块链模型 

分 类 号：TN92[电子电信—通信与信息系统]