第一次印度支那战争期间印度的调停外交  

India’s Mediation Diplomacy during the First Indochina War

作　　者：于向东[1] 徐成志 YU Xiangdong;XU Chengzhi(School of Marxism&School of History,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou,China;School of History,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou,China)

机构地区：[1]郑州大学马克思主义学院、历史学院、越南研究所 [2]郑州大学历史学院、越南研究所

出　　处：《东南亚研究》2021年第3期51-71,155,共22页Southeast Asian Studies

摘　　要：印度独立后奉行不结盟外交政策,却因强烈的大国情结而在冷战中推行调停外交。第一次印度支那战争期间,在对待印度支那的问题上其调停外交表现较为典型。由于调停时机不成熟,独立初期印度对印度支那奉行不干涉政策。尼赫鲁否定了支援印度支那抗法斗争的建议,在第一次亚洲关系会议上拒绝了越南代表的援助请求,并在越南民主共和国和越南国保大政权之间保持中立。1954年日内瓦会议前后,调停条件渐趋成熟,尼赫鲁开始谋求以中立国身份居中调停,召开了科伦坡五国总理会议,提出关于印度支那问题的“六点和平倡议”,还派遣特使梅农在日内瓦会议上积极调停,为印度支那实现和平发挥了一定作用。印度调停外交表面上是中立主义,实质上体现了利己主义与实用原则,也反映了其在追求“有声有色”大国目标与不愿卷入大国战略竞争与利益冲突中的矛盾心态。After independence,India pursued a policy of nonalignment.Because of its strong great power ideals,it carried out mediation diplomacy in the conflicts and confrontations of the cold war.This was typically manifested in its policy towards the first Indochina war.Due to the immature time for mediation,India pursued a non-interference policy in the early days.Nehru didn't allow Sarat Bose to support Indochina's struggle against the French and rejected requests for assistance from Vietnamese representatives at the first Asian Relations Conference.In addition,India maintained neutrality between the Democratic Republic of Vietnam and the Republic of Vietnam.Before and after the Geneva Conference in 1954,the conditions for mediation gradually matured.Nehru began to mediate the war as a neutral country and played a certain role.He put forward a Six-Point Proposal at the Colombo Conference and sent Menon as his special envoy to mediate at the Geneva conference.India's mediation diplomacy was ostensibly neutralism but reflecting the principles of egoism and practicality in essence.It also reflected its contradictory mentality in pursuing the goal of great power and unwilling to be involved in strategic competition and conflicts of interest among big powers at the beginning of the Cold War.

关 键 词：第一次印度支那战争 印度 调停外交 尼赫鲁 不结盟政策 

分 类 号：D835.10[政治法律—政治学]