考虑惯性响应的特高压直流频率协调控制  

Coordinated Frequency Control for UHVDC Considering Inertia Response

作　　者：侍乔明 郭铭群 刘凯[1] 王永平[1] 邹欣 邹强[1] 张庆武[1] 潘卫明[1] SHI Qiaoming;GUO Mingqun;LIU Kai;WANG Yongping;ZOU Xin;ZOU Qiang;ZHANG Qingwu;PAN Weiming(NR Electric Co.,Ltd.,Nanjing 211102,Jiangsu Province,China;State Grid Economic and Technological Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Changping District,Beijing 102209,China)

机构地区：[1]南京南瑞继保电气有限公司,江苏省南京市211102 [2]国网经济技术研究院有限公司,北京市昌平区102209

出　　处：《电网技术》2021年第9期3432-3442,共11页Power System Technology

基　　金：国家电网有限公司总部科技项目(5102-201956300A-0-0-00):“特高压直流接入新能源高渗透率交流系统的频率稳定评估及协调规划研究”。

摘　　要：针对特高压直流送端电网大规模新能源接入带来的频率稳定问题,在直流频率下垂控制的基础上,进一步引入直流虚拟惯量控制,实现了特高压直流惯性响应和一次调频的协调控制。同时,基于直流并网系统的频率响应简化模型,分析了特高压直流参与系统频率控制的机理及对受端系统频率特性的影响;类比传统同步发电机组的惯性响应和一次调频原理,提出了特高压直流频率协调控制的参数整定方法;基于系统的根轨迹,分析了直流频率协调控制参数对送端系统稳定性的影响;基于特高压直流系统的频率控制原理,分析了特高压直流参与系统频率控制的限制因素。然后,基于包含实际特高压直流控制保护系统的RTDS闭环实时仿真系统,对特高压直流在不同频率控制策略、不同控制参数及不同工况下的频率特性进行验证分析。仿真结果表明,相比传统的直流频率下垂控制,特高压直流频率协调控制有效增加了送端交流系统的惯性,改善了系统频率的变化速率和变化幅度,提高了直流系统的频率调节能力。该研究结果为直流频率协调控制在实际特高压直流工程的应用提供了参考和指导。Aiming at the frequency stability problem existing in the sending system of ultra-high voltage direct current transmission system(UHVDC) with a large-scale connection of new energy, the coordinated frequency control including the UHVDC inertial response and primary frequency control is realized by introducing the virtual inertia control on the basis of frequency droop control. In addition, the mechanism for the UHVDC participating in the frequency control of the system and its influence on the frequency characteristics of the receiving power grid are analyzed based on the simplified frequency response model of the UHVDC integrated system. The calculating method of parameters in coordinated frequency control is also proposed according to the principles of the primary frequency regulation and the inertia response of the synchronous generators. Based on the root locus of the system, the influence of UHVDC frequency coordination control parameters on the stability of the sending power grid is analyzed. The limiting factors of the UHVDC participating in the frequency control are analyzed based on the principle of frequency control. Based on the RTDS closed-loop real-time simulation system with actual UHVDC control and protection system, the frequency characteristics of UHVDC are verified and analyzed under different frequency control strategies, different control parameters and different operating states. Comparing with the traditional frequency droop control, the research shows that the coordinated frequency control of UHVDC increases the inertia of the sending AC system, improves the frequency change rate and range of the system, and enhances the frequency adjustment ability of the UHVDC system. This study provides reference for the application of coordinated frequency control in practical UHVDC.

关 键 词：特高压直流输电 频率控制 虚拟惯量控制 参数整定方法 机理分析 

分 类 号：TM721[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]