基于HEC-RAS的渠道边坡滑塌水流响应模拟研究  

Study on simulation of water flow response to channel slope landslide based on HEC-RAS model

作　　者：齐佳硕 王双银 甘治国[2] 王曦 臧聪敏 QI Jiashuo;WANG Shuangyin;GAN Zhiguo;WANG Xi;ZANG Congmin(College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering,Northwest Agricultural and Forestry University,Xianyang 712100,Shaanxi,China;China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,Beijing 100038,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学水利与建筑工程学院,陕西咸阳712100 [2]中国水利水电科学研究院,北京100038

出　　处：《水利水电技术（中英文）》2021年第9期87-96,共10页Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering

基　　金：“十三五”国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC0405105);陕西省水利科技项目(2017slkj-1)。

摘　　要：跨区域供水工程渠道边坡滑塌灾害频发,研究滑塌后渠道断面形式及水流变化对提高灾害应急抢险效率和恢复工程安全供水具有重要意义。以北疆供水工程为例,基于HEC-RAS模型,构建了工程总干渠水动力模型,并对模型进行了参数率定及精度验证,模拟相关系数达到0.98以上,精度符合研究要求;在此基础上根据渠道边坡滑塌特征设置了四种滑塌形式,模拟分析滑塌后渠内水流变化。结果表明:渠道边坡滑塌发生后最大水位壅高位于滑塌断面上游;滑塌段上游水位响应迅速,在15 km的模拟段内,滑塌发生30 min至60 min后起始断面水位开始发生变化,上游沿程各断面水位在滑塌发生10 h后全部达到峰值;当滑塌形式相同时,渠道流量与滑塌影响距离成正比,与最大水位壅高值成反比;滑塌发生后不同时刻及不同断面的水位壅高速率呈规律性变化。据此可预测滑塌发生后上游某断面水位涨幅,或求证滑塌灾害发生的具体时间,为此类灾害的预防与应急抢险救援提供决策支持。Channel slope landslide disasters occur frequently in cross-regional water supply projects.The study of channel cross-section form and water flow changes after landslide is of great significance to improve the efficiency of disaster emergency rescue and restore the safe water supply of the project.Taking a water supply project in North Xinjiang as an example,based on the HEC-RAS model,a hydrodynamic model of the main channel of the project was constructed,and the model was calibrated and verified for accuracy.The simulation correlation coefficient reached 0.98 or more,and the accuracy met the research requirements.Four different of landslide forms are set up according to the characteristics of channel slope landslides,and the water flow changes in the channel after landslides are simulated and analyzed.The results show that the maximum back water level after channel slope landslide is located at the upstream of the landslide section.The upstream water level of the landslide section responded quickly.In the 15 km simulation section,the water level of the initial section began to change 30 to 60 minutes after the landslide occurred,and the water level of each section along the upstream reaches its peak value 10 hours after the landslide occurred.When the landslide form is the same,the channel flow is proportional to the distance affected by the landslide and inversely proportional to the maximum water level.After the landslide occurred,the water level at different times and at different sections changed regularly.It is possible to predict the increase in the water level of a certain upstream section after the landslide occurs,or to verify the specific time when the landslide disaster occurs,and provide decision support for the prevention and emergency rescue of such disasters.

关 键 词：HEC-ARS模型 渠道边坡滑塌 水面线 北疆供水工程 

分 类 号：TV91[水利工程—水利水电工程]