3种酰氯与硝化纤维素反应的对比  

Comparation on reaction of three acylchlorides with nitrocellulose

作　　者：史文杰 张丽华 SHI Wen-jie;ZHANG Li-hua(School of Chemical Engineering and Technology,North University of China,Taiyuan 030051,Shanxi Province,China)

机构地区：[1]中北大学化学工程与技术学院,山西太原030051

出　　处：《化学工程》2021年第6期63-66,共4页Chemical Engineering(China)

摘　　要：为研究不同酰氯与硝化纤维素(NC)的反应规律,为单基发射药表层改性提供基础数据,选择了乙酰氯、丙酰氯、丁酰氯分别与NC上的羟基进行反应。傅里叶红外表明产物中均生成了酯基。通过单因素实验,研究了官能团比值R(—COCl与—OH的摩尔比)、反应时间对反应程度的影响。当R=6、反应时间为6 h、反应温度为40℃时,3种酰氯中丁酰氯与NC上羟基的反应率最高,达到79.5%,丙酰氯、乙酰氯分别达到53.8%,54.7%。TG分析表明:乙酰氯、丙酰氯、丁酰氯与NC反应的产物分解峰温分别比NC提前了0.67,3.67,5.67℃。To study reaction rules of different acyl chlorides with nitrocellulose(NC)and provide basic data for the surface modification of single-base gun propellant,acetyl chloride,propionyl chloride and butyryl chloride were used to react with the remaining hydroxyl groups on NC.Ester groups were formed in all the products by fourier transform infrared spectrometer.The effects of R value(molar ratio of—COCl to—OH)and reaction time on the reaction degree were studied by single factor experiments.When R=6,reaction time is 6 h and reaction temperature is 40℃,butyryl chloride has the highest reactivity to the hydroxyl groups on NC,reaching 79.5%,while propionyl chloride and acetyl chloride reach 53.8%and 54.7%,respectively.Compared with NC,TG analysis shows that the decomposition peak temperatures of products from acetyl chloride,propionyl chloride,butyryl chloride reaction with NC are 0.67,3.67 and 5.67℃earlier than NC,respectively.

关 键 词：硝化纤维素 乙酰氯 丙酰氯 丁酰氯 

分 类 号：TQ560.4[化学工程—炸药化工]