东莞5种生态公益林枯落物及土壤水文效应  

Litter and Soil Hydrological Effects of Five No-commercial Forests in Dongguan

作　　者：董辉 严朝东 苏纯兰 曹洪麟[1] DONG Hui;YAN Chaodong;SU Chunlan;CAO Honglin(South China Botanical Garden,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 510650;Dongguan Forestry Research Institute,Dongguan,Guangdong 523006)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院华南植物园,广州510650 [2]东莞市林业科学研究所,广东东莞523006

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2021年第5期144-149,160,共7页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：东莞市林业科学研究所2020年财政专项。

摘　　要：为了解东莞市内不同森林公园的森林地表枯落物和土壤水源涵养能力,于2020年7月选取东莞市5个森林公园5种30年的生态公益林作为研究对象,采用烘干法和浸水法对枯落物、土壤的持水能力及物理性质进行研究。结果表明:生态公益林林地枯落物层厚度变动为1.5~10.5 cm,生物量变化范围为0.32~5.73 t/hm^(2),最大持水量、有效拦蓄力量均呈现湿地松-九节林>马占相思-岭南山竹子林>浙江润楠-豺皮樟林>木荷-油茶林>桉树-鹅掌柴林。通过回归拟合发现,累积持水量与浸水时间呈显著的对数关系,吸水速率与浸水时间呈显著的幂函数关系;累积失水量与失水时间呈显著的3次关系,失水速率与失水时间呈显著的倒数关系。不同类型林分土壤持水量与不同孔隙度的大小直接相关,土壤总孔隙度和毛管孔隙度越高,土壤的容重越小,土壤保水能力越强。研究结果可为该区森林可持续经营管理和生态效益评价提供参考。The litter and soil of the forest park in Dongguan may have good water conservation functions,but the information is lack.In order to explore the water conservation capacity of different forest litter and soil,the study for 5 types of 30-year non-commercial forests were conducted in July 2020.Drying method and experimental water soaking method were used to study the water holding capacity and physical properties of litter and soil(0—20 cm).The results showed that the thickness of the litter layer of the ecological public welfare forests varied from 1.5 to 10.5 cm,and the biomass varied from 0.32 to 5.73 t/hm 2.The rank of the maximum water holding capacity and effective interception power showed that Pinus elliottii-Psychotria asiatica forest>Acacia mangium-Garcinia oblongifolia forest>Machilus chekiangensis-Litsea rotundifoliaf forest>Schima superba-Camellia oleifera forest>Eucalyptus robusta-Schefflera heptaphylla forest.It was also found that the cumulative water holding capacity had a significant logarithmic relationship with the immersion time,and the water absorption rate had a significant power function relationship with the immersion time;the cumulative water loss and the water loss time have a significant three-time relationship,and the water loss rate and water loss time showed a significant reciprocal relationship.The soil water holding capacity of different types of forest stands was directly related to the size of porosity.The higher the total soil porosity and capillary porosity,soil bulk density decreaed,while soil water retention capacity increased with increasing total soil porosity and capillary porosity.This study can provide references for sustainable forest management and ecological benefit evaluation in this area.

关 键 词：东莞 生态公益林 枯落物持水性 土壤持水性 水源涵养功能 

分 类 号：S715.3[农业科学—林学]