对《高速铁路设计规范》等关于隧道部分标准优化建议  

Optimization Suggestions on Tunnel Standards in Code for Design of High Speed Railway

作　　者：马志富 杨昌贤 马伟斌 MA Zhifu;YANG Changxian;MA Weibin(China Railway Design Corporation,Tianjin 300308,China;Railway Engineering Research Institute,China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]中国铁路设计集团有限公司,天津300308 [2]中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司铁道建筑研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《铁道标准设计》2021年第10期55-59,80,共6页Railway Standard Design

基　　金：中国国家铁路集团有限公司科技研究开发计划课题(K2019G042);中国国家铁路集团有限公司科技研究开发计划课题(K2019G040)。

摘　　要：现行TB 10621—2014《高速铁路设计规范》等标准是我国高标准铁路的标志,其中,隧道技术标准主要包括隧道净空有效面积、结构型式及耐久性、防排水、洞口缓冲结构、防灾疏散救援等。结合我国多山地形的条件,城市化水平不断提高的特点,隧道标准的选择对建设项目决策作用日益明显。针对高速铁路设计等规范关于隧道的标准开展分析研究,结果表明:(1)现行隧道净空面积标准可进一步优化,时速400 km时可采用100 m^(2);(2)制定了建筑物距未设置缓冲结构洞口微气压波安全距离;(3)宜采取综合措施提高隧道衬砌质量;(4)隧道防水宜采取分区设防和分区检验;(5)20 km以上隧道及隧道群内设置的2座紧急救援站间宜加强疏散设计。The current TB 10621-2014 Code for Design of High Speed Railway and other standards are the symbols of high-standard railway in China,of which the technical standards of tunnels mainly include effective clearance area of tunnel section,structure type and durability,waterproof and drainage,buffer structure of tunnel portal,disaster prevention and evacuation rescue,etc.Combined with the conditions of mountainous terrain and the characteristics of continuous improvement of urbanization level in China,the selection of tunnel standards plays an increasingly important role in the decision-making of construction projects.The analysis and research on high-speed railway design and other specifications on the tunnel standard show that:(1)The current standard of tunnel clearance area can be further optimized,and 100 m^(2) can be used when the speed is 400 km/h.(2)The safe distance between the building and the tunnel clearance without buffer structure can be determined.(3)Comprehensive measures should be taken to improve the quality of tunnel lining.(4)The tunnel waterproof should be designed and inspected in zones.(5)Evacuation design should be strengthened for tunnels of more than 20 km long and between two emergency rescue stations in tunnel group.

关 键 词：高速铁路 隧道标准 净空面积 防排水 缓冲结构 防灾疏散救援 

分 类 号：U238[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程] U459.1[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]