方法论批判视域中的“利润率下降规律之谜”  

“The Mystery of the Decline Law of Profit Rate”in the Perspective of Methodology Criticism

作　　者：宁殿霞 NING Dian-xia(School of Marxism,Northwestern Polytechnical Uniersity,Xi’an 710129,China;China Insititute,Fudan Unversity,Shanghai 200433,China)

机构地区：[1]西北工业大学马克思主义学院,陕西西安710129 [2]复旦大学中国研究院,上海200433

出　　处：《西安财经大学学报》2021年第5期72-78,共7页Journal of Xi’an University of Finance and Economics

基　　金：西北工业大学学位与研究生教育研究基金重点项目(2021AG13)。

摘　　要：经济学对利润率下降规律的论证得出利润率的变动趋势迥异,已构成“利润率下降规律之谜”。其实,利润率下降规律不是因下降的结果而存在,而是因下降的趋势驱动历史的上升运动而存在,而且这种上升运动是一个“自然历史过程”。对这一规律实证论证的结果无论是利润率上升还是下降,都陷入方法论的窠臼,因为通过计算得出的利润率与“利润率下降规律”中的利润率并不相同,这种计算方法遮蔽了与资本有机构成变动相统一的资本积累、生产力提高和资本内在否定性,这必然导致技术层面可计算的利润率上升亦或下降的不确定结果。构成这一迷局的关键不在于上升还是下降,而在于出发点上方法论的不同。Based on the analysis of development of profit rate in economics,it’s argued that rate of profit presents a very peculiar feature,which means the‘mystery of declining trend in rate of profit’.Actually,the declining rate of profit matters not because of the falling result,but because the downward trend drives the historical upward movement,and the upward movement is also a‘natural historical process’.Moreover,the empirical study to prove whether the rate of profit rises or declines would easily falls into the methodological trap,as the rate of profit based on calculation differs from the rate of profit brought by‘declining trend in rate of profit’,because the former ignores the close relationship between the organic composition of capital and the capital accumulation,the increase in productivity,and the inherent negativity of capital.Thus,technically calculated rate of profit would result in the uncertainty of rising or falling results.What matters in profit rate uncertainty lies not in the rising or falling result,but the methodological differences from the very starting point.

关 键 词：利润率下降规律 资本有机构成 资本内在否定性 方法论批判 

分 类 号：F0-0[经济管理—政治经济学]