不良因素对妊娠期哮喘孕妇及子代的影响及管理进展  

The influence of adverse factors on pregnant women and their offspring with asthma during pregnancy and its management progress

作　　者：韩国敬 胡红 Han Guojing;Hu Hong(Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine,the First Medical Center of PLA General Hospital,Beijing 100853,China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民解放军总医院第一医学中心呼吸与危重症医学科,北京100853

出　　处：《中国临床保健杂志》2021年第5期710-715,共6页Chinese Journal of Clinical Healthcare

摘　　要：支气管哮喘(简称哮喘)是妊娠期孕妇的常见慢性疾病。约1/3哮喘孕妇在妊娠期间发生哮喘急性发作。哮喘急性加重、中重度哮喘及哮喘未控制与哮喘孕妇和胎儿的并发症有关,是影响妊娠期哮喘孕妇及胎儿健康的重要不良因素。此外,哮喘孕妇过敏原暴露、接触空气污染、吸烟及被动吸烟、哮喘用药依从性降低、呼吸道感染、体质量超重、焦虑抑郁及精神紧张、血维生素D水平低等不良因素也会对哮喘孕妇及胎儿的健康构成威胁。如果能对妊娠期哮喘孕妇规范哮喘管理及规避不良因素,不仅可减少孕妇及胎儿的并发症,还可降低子代学龄前期哮喘及患其他疾病的风险。本文旨在提高临床医生对影响哮喘孕妇及子代不良因素的认识,最大限度地确保孕妇和胎儿健康。Bronchial asthma(asthma for short)is a common chronic disease in pregnant women.About one-third of pregnant women with asthma have an acute asthma attack during pregnancy.Acute aggravation of asthma,moderate and severe asthma and uncontrolled asthma are related to the complications of pregnant women with asthma and their fetuses,which are important adverse factors affecting the health of pregnant women and their fetuses during pregnancy.In addition,adverse factors such as exposure to allergens,air pollution,smoking and passive smoking,decreased compliance with asthma medication,respiratory infection,overweight,anxiety,depression and mental stress,and low blood vitamin D level also pose a threat to the health of pregnant women and their fetuses.If the pregnant women with asthma during pregnancy can be given standardized asthma management and avoid adverse factors,which not only can reduce the complications of pregnant women and fetus,but also can reduce the risk of asthma and other diseases of children in pre-school age.This paper reviews the research progress of asthma during pregnancy at home and abroad,aiming to improve clinicians′understanding of adverse factors affecting pregnant women with asthma and their offspring,so as to ensure the health of pregnant women and their fetus to the greatest extent.

关 键 词：哮喘 孕妇 危险因素 胎儿 

分 类 号：R714.253[医药卫生—妇产科学]