市管县体制对城市化和工业化协同发展的影响——新地级市设立后市辖区经济发展的历史考察  

The Influence of City-administered-county System on the Coordinated Development of Urbanization and Industrialization—Historical Investigation of Economic Development of the Municipal District After the Establishment of the New Prefecture-level City

作　　者：纪小乐 魏建 JI Xiaole;WEI Jian(Shandong University,Jinan 250100)

机构地区：[1]山东大学《山东大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》编辑部,济南250100 [2]山东大学中泰证券金融研究院,济南250100

出　　处：《经济与管理研究》2021年第8期81-95,共15页Research on Economics and Management

基　　金：山东省社会科学规划研究青年项目“以中心城市推动山东半岛城市群高质量发展:人才、产业、空间三维互动路径研究”(21DJJJ12)。

摘　　要：改革开放以来,中国实现了全球范围内的城市化和工业化高水平协同发展,而在全国范围内建立市管县体制是推动这一历史进程的重要制度安排。基于夜间灯光和经济统计数据,本文使用渐进式双重差分倾向得分匹配(PSM+DID)等方法评估1993—2007年市管县体制确立过程中新设市辖区的发展绩效。结果显示:第一,市管县体制的确立对新设市辖区的经济发展和城市化水平快速提升具有显著的促进作用;第二,市管县改革一方面促使新市辖区政府职能发生转变,另一方面促使产业结构由第一产业向第二、三产业转变,实现了地级市中心城区的产业升级和经济集聚。市管县体制的确立使新地级市政府成为完整的行政主体,其经济发展主动性显著提升,通过调整财政支出结构实现政府职能转变,在政府和市场双重力量下实现产业结构调整,完成了中等城市化初始集聚过程,形成了产城相互促进的发展路径,这构成了中国特有的城市化逻辑。Since the reform and opening up,China has achieved a high level of coordinated development of urbanization and industrialization all over the world,and the nationwide establishment of the city-administered-county system is an important institutional arrangement to promote this historical process.Based on the data of nighttime lighting and county-level economic statistics,using the staggered difference-in-difference(PSM+DID)method to evaluate the growth performance of the newly established municipal district during the implementation of the city-administered-county system from 1993 to 2007 in China.The research results are shown as follows.Firstly,the establishment of the city-administered-county system has an obvious promotion effect on the economic development of the new municipal district.Secondly,this reform promoted not only the transformation of the government function of new municipal districts,but also the continuous expansion of the city scale,thereby achieving industrial upgrade and economic agglomeration in the prefecture-level urban area.Because of the establishment of the city-administered-county system reform,the new prefectural government became a complete administrative subject,and its economic development initiative was significantly increased.By adjusting financial expenditure structure to realize government functions,the industrial structure adjustment under the dual forces of the government and the market is realized,the initial agglomeration process of medium urbanization in China is completed,and a mutually reinforcing development path between industry and the city is formed,which constitutes the unique urbanization logic of China.

关 键 词：市管县体制 改革 撤县设区 城市化 产业升级 财政支出结构 

分 类 号：F291.1[经济管理—国民经济]