不同区域气候条件下寒地玉米生长发育及产量的密度响应  

Plant Densities Response on Growth and Yield of Maize in Cold Region under Different Climate Conditions

作　　者：李梁[1] 于洋[1] 宫秀杰[1] 姜宇博[1] 郝玉波[1] 葛选良[1] 吕国依[1] 钱春荣[1] LI Liang;YU Yang;GONG Xiujie;JIANG Yubo;HAO Yubo;GE Xuanliang;LYU Guoyi;QIAN Chunrong(Institute of Crop Tillage and Cultivation,Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Cultivation in Northeast China,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Harbin 150086,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省农业科学院耕作栽培研究所/农业农村部东北地区作物栽培科学观测实验站,哈尔滨150086

出　　处：《东北农业科学》2021年第4期1-5,共5页Journal of Northeast Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划课题(2017YFD0201803);黑龙江省农业科学院院级科研项目(2017ZC04);国家玉米产业技术体系专项资金资助项目(CARS-02-34)。

摘　　要：玉米单产变化的主要原因是生态条件的差异,同时增密是有效提高玉米产量的措施。为探明不同生态条件下玉米生长发育及产量对密度的响应,在黑龙江省不同生态条件的哈尔滨、兰西、富裕设置了品种和密度的交互试验。结果表明:玉米穗位高、茎粗主要受区域生态条件影响。叶面积指数(LAI)空间比例分布受区域生态条件差异的影响显著,高产试验点玉米棒三叶以下所占比例最高。区域生态条件差异比密度差异对吐丝后干物质积累的影响要大。本试验条件下,哈尔滨和兰西地区调节密度的增产效应明显,适宜密度为75 000株/hm^(2),富裕地区改良土壤为主要的增产途径。The change of the maize yield in different regions is mainly caused by the ecological difference. At the same time, higher plant density is an effective measure to increase grain yield. In order to find out the plant densities response on growth and yield of maize in cold region under different ecological conditions, variety and density of interaction were designed in Harbin, Lanxi, Fuyu which are three ecological zones in Heilongjiang Province. The results showed that, ear height and stem perimeter were mainly affected by ecological conditions. Spatial distribution of LAI was significantly affected by regional ecological conditions. The proportion of bottom leaves was the highest in high yield region. The effect of regional ecological conditions on dry matter accumulation after silking was greater than that of density. The effect of regulating density was obvious in Harbin and Lanxi, and the suitable density was75 000 plant/ha. Improving soil in Fuyu area was the main way to increase yield.

关 键 词：寒地 玉米 气候条件 密度 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]