过程构建与关系利用:日本决定“排污入海”的生成逻辑  

Process Construction and Relationship Utilization:The Logic of Japan’s Decision of Discharging Contaminated Water into the Ocean

作　　者：尹晓亮 Yin Xiaoliang

机构地区：[1]南开大学世界近现代史研究中心、日本研究院

出　　处：《日本学刊》2021年第4期15-34,144,145,148,149,共24页Japanese Studies

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目“战后日本核政策研究”(编号:16ASS002);南开大学亚洲研究中心资助项目“日本‘现实拥核’研究”(编号:AS1913)。

摘　　要：日本"排污入海"的决策取向是在其主导、设计和构建的一个历史过程中孕育的,其决策权力是以关系本位为基础、利用过程中国家间关系"孕化"的。"过程构建"和"关系利用"的互动耦合及其演进,形塑了日本决定"排污入海"的生成逻辑。"过程构建"孕育了日本"排污入海"的决策取向,反过来"排污入海"的决策取向又塑造了过程本身,且呈现从"蛰伏的目标"到"公开的决策"的延展图式。从国际层面而言,日本决定"排污入海"的权力主要是在"日美同盟关系"以及"日本与国际原子能机构关系"等主要网络平台中孕化的。当然,在国际关系网络平台中孕化出的日本决定"排污入海"的权力,并非是刚性的、法律意义上的权力,而是具有柔性的"软权力"。可见,关系就是孕化权力的平台,没有关系便没有权力。日本"排污入海"的决策行为,不仅折射出其在人类利益与国家利益之间选择的行为偏好,而且也是其决策本质与政治哲学的外化表达。The decision of Japan’s discharging contaminated water from the Fukushima nuclear power plant into the ocean is made in a historical process with its decision-making power nurtured by the relationship-based use of interstate relations.The interaction of"process construction"and"relationship utilization"and their evolution have given birth to and shaped the logic of Japan’s decision.The"process construction"breeds the decision orientation of Japan,and the decision orientation of discharging contaminated water into the ocean in turn emerges from the process itself,showing a pattern shifting from"the hidden goal"to"open decision making".Japan’s policy is mainly nurtured in frameworks such as the Japan-U.S.alliance and relations between Japan and IAEA.Japan’s power to decide is not a rigid power in the legal sense,but a"soft power"with flexibility.It can be seen that the relationship is the platform to breed power,and there is no power without relationship.Japan’s decision-making of discharging contaminated water into the ocean not only reflects its preference between human interests and national interests,but also expresses its decision-making nature and political philosophy.

关 键 词：福岛核事故 核污水 核治理 日美关系 过程构建 关系利用 

分 类 号：D831.3[政治法律—政治学]