连作条件下施用竹炭对穿心莲品质及土壤细菌种群结构的影响  

Effects of bamboo charcoal application on quality of Andrographis paniculata and bacterial community structure in continuous cropping soil

作　　者：洪彪 李明 徐友阳[3] 周界 段书蕾 郑扬波 张慧晔[3] 邹江林 HONG Biao;LI Ming;XU You-yang;ZHOU Jie;DUAN Shu-lei;ZHENG Yang-bo;ZHANG Hui-ye;ZOU Jiang-lin(School of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Guangdong Pharmaceutical University,Guangzhou 510000,China;Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Production&Development of Cantonese Medicinal Materials,Guangzhou 510000,China;Hutchison Whampoa Guangzhou Baiyunshan Chinese Medicine Co.,Ltd,Guangzhou 510515,China)

机构地区：[1]广东药科大学中药学院,广州510000 [2]国家中医药管理局岭南药材生产与开发重点研究室,广州510000 [3]广州白云山和记黄埔中药有限公司,广州510515

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2021年第9期2812-2821,共10页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：广东省重点领域研发计划项目(2020B020221002);广东省科技计划项目(2014A020208135、2016A020226050)资助。

摘　　要：穿心莲(Andrographis paniculate(Burm.F.)Nees)具有抗菌、消炎和抗病毒等功能,但其种植和生产中的连作障碍对其药材的产量和质量产生不利影响。本研究通过田间试验,在连作5年的穿心莲连作地设置1.2 kg·m^(-2)(C1)、2.4 kg·m^(-2)(C2)添加量的竹炭处理,以不添加竹炭的穿心莲连作地为对照(C0),在采摘期测定植株农艺性状指标,利用Illumina Miseq高通量测序方法,研究其根际土壤细菌种群结构、丰度及多样性。结果表明:施加竹炭有利于连作土壤中穿心莲的生长,其株高、根长、茎粗、叶绿素含量、单株鲜重和穿心莲内酯以及脱水穿心莲内酯含量均显著高于对照,且高浓度竹炭施加量对连作穿心莲植株生长的促进作用高于低浓度竹炭施加量;施加竹炭能增加穿心莲连作根际土壤细菌多样性及改善细菌群落结构,增加一些有益于氮吸收的细菌丰度(Nitrospira、Bradyrhizobium)。UPGMA聚类和PCoA的β-多样性分析表明,不同竹炭添加量下连作穿心莲土壤细菌群落有差异。RDA分析表明,穿心莲根际土壤中3个属(Nitrospira、Bradyrhizobium、Candidatus_Solibacter)丰度与各生长指标呈显著正相关。Tax4Fun功能预测结果显示,施加竹炭能促进土壤细菌与氨基酸代谢、核苷酸代谢、次生代谢产物等代谢相关基因的上调。穿心莲田间栽培施加竹炭,能够改善其农艺性状和促进有效成分的积累,并对土壤细菌种群结构及丰度产生影响,有利于积累有益细菌种群,可能对于缓解穿心莲连作障碍发挥重要作用。Andrographis paniculata(Burm.F.)Nees has many functions,including antibacterial,anti-inflammatory,and antiviral.However,the continuous cropping obstacles in planting and production have adverse effects on the yield and quality of A.paniculata.In this study,a field experiment was conducted with two levels of bamboo charcoal addition[1.2 kg·m^(-2)(C1)and 2.4 kg·m^(-2)(C2)]in continuous cropping systems of A.paniculata for five years,with no bamboo charcoal addition as the control(C0).The agronomic traits were measured during the picking period,and the rhizosphere bacterial community structure,abundance,and diversity were examined using the Illumina Miseq high-throughput sequencing methods.The results showed that the application of bamboo charcoal was beneficial to the growth of A.paniculata in continuous cropping soil,with plant height,root length,stem thickness,chlorophyll content,fresh weight per plant,and andrographolide and dehydrated andrographolide contents being significantly higher than those without bamboo charcoal.Moreover,the promotion effect of high-level application of bamboo charcoal on the growth of A.paniculata was greater than that of low-level application.The application of bamboo charcoal increased bacterial diversity in the rhizosphere soil of the continuous cropping of A.paniculata,altered bacterial community structure,and increased the abundance of bacteria(Nitrospira,Bradyrhizobium)that are beneficial to nitrogen uptake.UPGMA clustering and PCoAβ-diversity analysis showed that the composition of soil bacterial community was closely related to the level of bamboo charcoal application.In addition,RDA analysis showed that the abundance of three genera(Nitrospira,Bradyrhizobium and Candidatus_Solibacter)in the rhizosphere of A.paniculata was significantly positively correlated with many growth indices.The functional prediction of Tax4Fun showed that the application of bamboo charcoal could promote the up-regulation of metabolics-related genes of soil bacteria and amino acid metabolism,nucleoti

关 键 词：竹炭 穿心莲 连作障碍 微生物多样性 高通量测序 

分 类 号：S567.219[农业科学—中草药栽培] S154.3[农业科学—作物学]