北京市朝阳区预防接种人员儿童疫苗接种禁忌认知情况调查  

Investigation on the cognition of children’s vaccine contraindications among vaccination staff in Chaoyang district,Beijing

作　　者：石倩[1] 贾滨[1] 李臻 赵玉倩 陈天京[1] SHI Qian;JIA Bin;LI Zhen;ZHAO Yu-qian;CHEN Tian-jing(Chaoyang District Center for Disease Prevention and Control,Beijing 100021,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市朝阳区疾病预防控制中心,100021

出　　处：《首都公共卫生》2021年第4期210-215,共6页Capital Journal of Public Health

摘　　要：目的了解北京市朝阳区预防接种人员对儿童疫苗接种禁忌的认知情况。方法采用自制调查问卷,通过网络调查的方式,对北京市朝阳区所有预防接种门诊预防接种人员进行调查。采用t检验、F检验、多重线性回归对数据进行分析。结果本研究应回收问卷790份,实际回收有效问卷747份,有效回收率94.56%。朝阳区预防接种人员儿童疫苗接种禁忌知晓率为(62.07%±12.48%)。其对常见的、明确的疫苗接种禁忌认知情况较好,知晓率为84.07%~100.00%;对非接种禁忌的认知情况较差,知晓率为6.29%~78.85%。在实际工作中,主要表现为对疫苗接种禁忌掌握过严。单因素分析显示,不同年龄、工龄、职称、职务、学历、专业、工作单位性质、工作岗位、培训次数的预防接种人员儿童疫苗接种禁忌知晓率比较,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。多重线性回归分析显示,影响预防接种人员儿童疫苗接种禁忌知晓率的因素为培训次数、职称、工龄、专业、工作单位性质和学历。在实际工作中,75.23%的预防接种人员表示疫苗说明书是判断疫苗接种禁忌的主要依据,99%以上的预防接种人员表示愿意参加疫苗接种禁忌相关专业培训。结论北京市朝阳区预防接种人员儿童疫苗接种禁忌认知水平有待进一步提高。建议合理增加疫苗接种禁忌相关专业培训,尽快完善不同健康状态下儿童疫苗接种的解释和说明。Objective To understand the cognition of children’s vaccine contraindications among vaccination staff in Chaoyang district,Beijing.Methods A self-made questionnaire was used to survey all vaccination staff in vaccination clinics in Chaoyang district,Beijing.The data were analyzed by t test,F test,and multiple linear regression analysis.Results In this study,790 questionnaires should be recovered,and 747 valid questionnaires were actually recovered,with an effective recovery rate of 94.56%.The average awareness rate of children’s vaccine contraindications among vaccination staff in Chaoyang district was(62.07%±12.48%).The awareness rate of vaccination staff about common and clear contraindications to vaccination was 84.07%to 100.00%;the awareness rate of non-vaccination contraindications was 6.29%to 78.85%.In practice,it was mainly manifested in the strict control of vaccination contraindications.Results of single factor analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences in the awareness rate of children’s vaccine contraindications among vaccination staff of different ages,years of service,title,position,education,profession,work unit,job position,and number of training(P<0.05).Results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that the number of training,title,years of service,profession,unit,and education were the factors affecting the awareness rate of children’s vaccine contraindications among vaccination staff.In practice,75.23%of vaccination staff said that the vaccine instructions were the main basis for judging vaccine contraindications.More than 99%of vaccination staff believed that it was necessary to formulate guidelines for vaccine contraindications and were willing to participate in professional training on vaccine contraindications.Conclusions The awareness level of children’s vaccine contraindications among vaccination staff in Chaoyang district needs to be further improved.It is recommended to reasonably increase professional training on vaccine contraindications an

关 键 词：预防接种人员 儿童 疫苗接种禁忌 认知 培训 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]