中国共产党领导下的高校领导体制百年发展:历史演进、基本特征与未来展望  

The Centennial Development of the Leadership System in Chinese Universities under the Leadership of the Communist Party of China:Historical Evolution,Basic Features and Future Prospects

作　　者：刘泽政 Liu Zezheng(Capital Normal University,Beijing 100037)

机构地区：[1]首都师范大学教育学院,北京100037

出　　处：《当代教育论坛》2021年第5期21-31,共11页forum on contemporary education

基　　金：国家社会科学基金“十三五”规划2017年度教育学一般项目“非营利性民办高校董事会独立性保障机制研究”(编号:BIA170173)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：中国共产党建党100年来,中国高校领导体制经历了起步探索、逐步调整、形成发展和全面深化四个阶段,共14次调整,实施过校董会制、常委负责制、党委领导下的校务委员会负责制、党委领导下的以校长为首的校务委员会负责制、党的“一元化”领导制、党委领导下的校长分工负责制、党委领导下的校长负责制等十余种体制,并在特定的历史时期出现了反复及短暂的重叠实施。总体上,高校领导体制的历史嬗变与国家政治体制改革同步、与国际政治形势变幻相随、与党的执政方式调整耦合、与学校党政职权划分相生、与行政和学术权力协调共融,实现了正当性溯源确立、实践性经验强化、法律化方式固化、探索性调整塑造、持续性平衡优化。新时代,坚持扎根中国大地办教育,推动中国高校领导体制向纵深发展,应坚持和完善党委领导下的校长负责制,把牢政治方向,坚定党的领导;夯实制度根本,坚信法律治理;推行合作共治,坚持扩大民主;推行学术固本,坚守教育本质;加强监督保障,坚固治理机制。In the 100 years since the founding of the Communist Party of China,the development of the leadership system of Chinese universities has undergone initial exploration,gradual adjustment,formation and development,and comprehensive deepening.After 14 adjustments,it had implemented more than ten systems such as the school board system,the standing committee responsibility system,and the school committee responsibility system under the leadership of the party committee,the school administration committee responsibility system headed by the principal under the leadership of the party committee,the party's"unified"leadership system,the principal responsibility system under the leadership of the party committee,and the president responsibility system under the leadership of theparty committee.There havebeen repeated and short-term overlapping implementations during this period.In general,the historical evolution of the leadership system of colleges and universities is synchronized with the reform of the national political system,with the changes in the international political situation,coupled with the adjustment of the party's governance style,coexisting with the division of school party and government powers,and coordinating with the administrative and academic powers.The establishment of legitimacy traceability,practical experience strengthening,legalization method solidification,exploratory adjustment and shaping,continuous balance optimization.In the new era,persist in taking root in China's territorial education and promoting the in-depth development of the leadership system of Chinese universities.The principal responsibility system under the leadership of the party committee should be upheld and improved,the political direction should be firmly established,and the party's leadership should be strengthened;Co-governance,insist on expanding democracy;promote academic solidification,adhere to the essence of education;strengthen supervision and guarantee,and strengthen governance mechanisms.

关 键 词：高校领导体制 建党百年 政治体制 党委领导下的校长负责制 政治方向 

分 类 号：G647[文化科学—高等教育学]