并流沉淀法降低铜电解液中砷锑铋杂质离子的研究  

Study on removal of As,Sb and Bi impurity ions in copper electrolyte by counterflow precipitation method

作　　者：王军辉 姚夏妍 焦晓斌 牛永胜 汪友元[2,3] 鲁兴武 余江鸿[2,3] 席利丽 WANG Jun-hui;YAO Xia-yan;JIAO Xiao-bin;NIU Yong-sheng;WANG You-yuan;LU Xing-wu;YU Jiang-hong;XI Li-li

机构地区：[1]白银有色集团股份有限公司,甘肃白银摇730900 [2]西北矿冶研究院,甘肃白银摇730900 [3]甘肃省有色金属冶炼新工艺及伴生稀散金属高效综合利用重点实验室,甘肃白银摇730900

出　　处：《中国有色冶金》2021年第3期1-8,共8页China Nonferrous Metallurgy

基　　金：甘肃省工业绿色低碳转型升级研究课题(GGLD-2019-28)。

摘　　要：铜电解液中的As、Sb、Bi离子含量是影响阴极铜质量的重要因素,现有的电解沉积法电耗高、铜损失量大,萃取方法和离子交换法存在液量大的缺陷。本文利用SO_(2)还原As^(5+)和Sb^(5+)、H_(2)O_(2)氧化As3+和Sb3+调整化合价,促使砷锑铋形成沉淀阳极泥的原理,进行了二氧化硫和双氧水并流沉淀方法降低铜电解液中砷锑铋杂质离子的实验研究,结果表明:一定条件下,单独向铜电解液中通入SO_(2)可以降低Sb离子浓度,但As、Bi离子浓度的变化幅度不大;单独向铜电解液中通入H_(2)O_(2)可以降低As、Sb离子浓度,但也会降低Cu、Bi离子浓度,严重时导致阳极钝化;在最佳条件下,H_(2)O_(2)采用滴加方式、加入量为4 m L/L、SO_(2)进气浓度为0.125 g/L、搅拌速度为250 r/min、反应温度为50℃,并流沉淀技术可以实现降低铜电解液中砷锑铋杂质离子的目的,且不会出现阳极钝化现象。The content of As,Sb and Bi ions in the copper electrolyte is an important factor affecting the quality of the cathode copper.The existing electrolytic deposition method has high power consumption and large copper loss,and the extraction method and ion exchange method have the defect of large liquid volume.In this paper,using SO_(2) as reducing agent to reduce As^(5+)and Sb^(5+),H_(2)O_(2) as an oxidant to oxidize As3+and Sb3+,adjust the valence of arsenic,antimony and bismuth to form precipitated anode slime.An experimental study was carried out to reduce the impurity ions of arsenic,antimony and bismuth in copper electrolyte by counterflow precipitation of sulfur dioxide and hydrogen peroxide.The experiment results show that under certain conditions,the concentration of Sb ions can be reduced by pumping SO_(2)into the copper electrolyte alone,but the concentration of arsenic and bismuth ions does not change much;adding H_(2)O_(2) into the copper electrolyte alone can reduce the concentration of arsenic and antimony ions,but it will also reduce the concentration of copper and bismuth ions,which may lead to anode passivation;the best experimental conditions is H_(2)O_(2)added dropwise,the addition amount 4 mL/L,the SO_(2) inlet concentration 0.125 g/L,the stirring speed 250 r/min,and the reaction temperature 50℃,under which counterflow precipitation technology can reduce the concentration of arsenic,antimony,bismuth impurity ions in copper electrolyte,and there will be no anode passivation.

关 键 词：铜电解液 砷锑铋离子 并流沉淀法 阴极铜质量 沉淀阳极泥 漂浮阳极泥 阳极钝化 铜损失 

分 类 号：TF811[冶金工程—有色金属冶金] TF803。27