磁场协同作用对铜电解过程的影响  

Effect of magnetic field synergy on copper electrolysis process

作　　者：姚夏妍 吴克富[3] 鲁兴武[1,2] 李学国 牛永胜[1,2] 关甫江 席利丽 YAO Xia-yan;WU Ke-fu;LU Xing-wu;LI Xue-guo;NIU Yong-sheng;GUAN Fu-jiang;XI Li-li

机构地区：[1]西北矿冶研究院,甘肃白银730900 [2]甘肃省有色金属冶炼新工艺及伴生稀散金属高效综合利用重点实验室,甘肃白银730900 [3]白银有色集团股份有限公司,甘肃白银730900

出　　处：《中国有色冶金》2021年第3期9-15,共7页China Nonferrous Metallurgy

基　　金：甘肃省工业绿色低碳转型升级研究课题(GGLD-2019-28);白银市2019年科技计划项目(2019-1-12G)。

摘　　要：随着铜冶炼原料复杂程度的提升,阳极铜成分很难控制在标准之内,精炼过程中阴极铜质量一直是铜冶炼研究的热点和难点。本文通过在铜电解原循环管道上添加磁场和过渡槽,并通过对比施加磁场前后电解槽Cu^(2+)的分布、电解液的清晰度、阳极泥成分以及阴极铜质量和产量的变化来研究、探索磁场协同作用对铜电解过程的影响。结果表明:磁场可强化Cu^(2+)的扩散性能,加快阳极溶解速度,磁场作用下阴极铜析出量提高10%,电流效率提高3%,残极率降低9%;磁场可促进铜电解液的自净化,降低电解液中砷锑铋杂质离子浓度,施加磁场后,阳极泥中锑元素含量增加56.2%,铋含量增加24.5%,砷含量增加5%;磁场的协同作用可促进阳极泥的沉降,降低阴极铜阳极泥粒子数量,施加磁场后阴极铜结粒概率降低21%。With the increase in the complexity of copper smelting raw materials,it is difficult to control the composition of anode copper within the standard. The quality of cathode copper during the refining process has always been a hot and difficult point in copper smelting research. This article research and explore the effect of magnetic field synergy on the copper electrolysis process by adding a magnetic field and a transition cell to the original circulation pipeline of copper electrolysis,and compared the distribution of Cu^(2+)in the electrolytic cell,the clarity of the electrolyte,the composition of the anode slime,and the quality and output of the cathode copper before and after applying a magnetic field. The results show that the magnetic field can strengthen the diffusion performance of Cu^(2+)and accelerate the anode dissolution rate. Under the action of the magnetic field,the copper precipitation at the cathode increases by 10%,the current efficiency increases by 3%,and the residual pole rate decreases by 9%. The magnetic field can promote the self-purification of the copper electrolyte,reduce the concentration of arsenic,antimony and bismuth impurity ions in the electrolyte. After applying a magnetic field,the antimony element content in the anode slime increases by 56. 2%,the bismuth content increases by 24. 5%,and the arsenic content increases by 5%. The synergistic effect of the magnetic field can promote the sedimentation of anode slime,reduce the number of cathode copper anode slime particles,and reduce the probability of cathode copper particle formation by 21% after applying a magnetic field.

关 键 词：铜电解 磁场 协同效应 阴极铜质量 砷锑铋杂质 电解液清晰度 Cu2+扩散性能 阳极泥 

分 类 号：TF811[冶金工程—有色金属冶金] TF803.27