火法熔炼废旧印刷电路板回收有价金属的现状  

Analysis on the characteristics of several furnace types for recovering valuable metals from waste printed circuit boards by pyrometallurgy

作　　者：杨冬伟 陈正 郭键柄 丁志广 张亚东 YANG Dong-wei;CHEN Zheng;GUO Jian-bing;DING Zhi-guang;ZHANG Ya-dong

机构地区：[1]兰州有色冶金设计研究院有限公司,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《中国有色冶金》2021年第3期70-74,共5页China Nonferrous Metallurgy

基　　金：甘肃省青年科技基金计划(20JR5RA083)。

摘　　要：废旧印刷电路板含有多种有害物质和可回收有价金属,其清洁、高效资源化处置是目前国内外研究人员的关注热点。相比于湿法工艺,火法处理废旧印刷电路板更具优势,但不同的炉型在投资、环保、能耗、金属收率等方面也各不相同。目前处理废旧印刷电路板常用的炉型包括鼓风炉、卡尔多炉、侧吹炉、顶吹炉等,综合来看,顶吹炉处理废旧印刷电路板具有原料适应性强、工艺灵活、贵金属回收率高、环境友好、能源消耗较低等优点,且国内已有成熟的工业化实践案例,应加快推广。Waste printed circuit boards contain a variety of hazardous substances and recyclable valuable metals,and their clean and efficient resource disposal is currently a hot spot for domestic and foreign research scholars.Compared with the hydrometallurgy process,the pyrometallurgy process has more advantages in the treatment of waste printed circuit boards,but different furnaces are also different in terms of investment,environmental protection,energy consumption,and metal yield. At present,the commonly used furnace types for processing waste printed circuit boards include blast furnace,Kaldor furnace,side blow furnace,top blow furnace,etc. The top-blowing furnace for processing waste printed circuit boards has the advantages of strong raw material adaptability,flexible process,high precious metal recovery rate,little environmental pollution,and low energy consumption. Moreover,there are mature industrialization practice cases in China,and the process should be promoted.

关 键 词：废旧印刷电路板 有害物质 有价金属 资源综合利用 贵金属回收率 原料适应性 火法处理 顶吹炉 

分 类 号：TF803.11[冶金工程—有色金属冶金] X758[环境科学与工程—环境工程]