回收分银渣中有价金属的工业试验研究  

Industrial test on recovering valuable metals from silver separated residue

作　　者：房孟钊 李伟 宁瑞 FANG Meng-zhao;LI Wei;NING Rui

机构地区：[1]大冶有色金属有限责任公司,湖北黄石435002 [2]有色金属冶金与循环利用湖北省重点实验室,湖北黄石435002

出　　处：《中国有色冶金》2021年第3期100-107,共8页China Nonferrous Metallurgy

摘　　要：分银渣是铜阳极泥被提取主要贵金属后所剩下的尾渣,大冶有色金属有限责任公司每年产出分银渣约2000 t,为回收其中的有价金属,公司设计了分段综合回收工艺流程。分银渣完成熔炼、水碎、浸出工序后,铅、铋、锑、锡、金、银、铂、钯、碲的平均直收率分别为93.65%、95.42%、95.28%、90.66%、99.07%、98.39%、96.15%、90.13%、95.65%。粗锡酸钙的品位均值为12.03%,沉锡试验中锡的直收率平均为97.01%;锡的精制试验,得到酸洗锡酸钙含锡平均为15.97%,在分银渣中的平均直收率为81.57%。粗锑酸钠含锑均值为44.56%,沉锑试验中锑的直收率平均为94.97%;粗锑酸钠的精制试验,得到锑酸钠含锑品位为51.3%,分银渣中锑的平均直收率为82.63%。贵铅中金、银、铅、铋、铂、钯直收率分别为98.01%、97.57%、86%、83.44%、80%、79.98%;浮渣中碲的直收率为85.03%。该工艺条件下,整个生产过程中在碱性、还原性环境下进行,熔炼过程中无有害气体溢出,1 t分银渣可以实现经济效益40739.5元。Silver separated slag is the remaining tailings of copper anode slime extracted major precious metals.Daye Non-ferrous Metals Co.,Ltd.produces about 2000 tons of silver separated slag each year.In order to recover valuable metals,the company designed a segmented comprehensive recovery process.After the smelting,water crushing and leaching processes of silver separated slag were completed,the average direct yields of lead,bismuth,antimony,tin,gold,silver,platinum,palladium and tellurium were 93.65%,95.42%,95.28%,90.66%,99.07%,98.39%,96.15%,90.13%and 95.65%.The average grade of crude calcium stannate was 12.03%,and the average direct yield of tin in the tin precipitation test was 97.01%.The refining test of tin showed that the average tin content in acid-washed calcium stannate was 15.97%,and the average direct yield in silver separated residue was 81.57%.The average antimony content of crude sodium antimony is 44.56%,and the average direct yield of antimony in the antimony precipitation test is 94.97%.The refining test of crude sodium antimony showed that the grade of sodium antimony was 51.3%,and the average direct yield of antimony in the silver separation slag was 82.63%.The direct yields of gold,silver,lead,bismuth,platinum and palladium in precious lead are98.01%,97.57%,86%,83.44%,80%and 79.98%,respectively.The direct yield of tellurium in slag is85.03%.Under this process condition,the whole production process was carried out in alkaline and reductive environment,and there was no harmful gas overflow in the smelting process.The benefit of CNY 40739.5 can be achieved by processing 1 ton of silver separated slag.

关 键 词：铜阳极泥 分银渣 综合回收 锡酸钙 锑酸钠 贵铅 碲 浮渣 

分 类 号：TF811[冶金工程—有色金属冶金] X758[环境科学与工程—环境工程]