低磷胁迫对烤烟根系有机酸含量及土壤磷酸酶活性的影响  

Effects of Low Phosphorus Stress on Root Organic Acid Content and Soil Phosphatase Activity of Flue-cured Tobacco

作　　者：肖如武 黄楚龙 宗钊辉 王维[4] 赵伟才 王军 XIAO Ruwu;HUANG Chulong;ZONG Zhaohui;WANG Wei;ZHAO Weicai;WANG Jun(Guangdong China Tobacco Industry Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou 510599,China;Shenzhen Securities Tobacco Industry Co.,Ltd.,Shenzhen 518109,China;Nanxiong Tobacco Science Institute of Guangdong/Guangdong Engineering&Technology Research Center for Tobacco Breeding and Comprehensive Utilization,Shaoguan 512400,China;College of Agriculture,South China Agricultural University,Guznagzhou 510642,China)

机构地区：[1]广东中烟工业责任有限公司,广东广州510599 [2]深圳烟草工业责任有限公司,广东深圳518109 [3]广东省烟草南雄科学研究所/广东省烟草育种与综合利用工程技术研究中心,广东韶关512400 [4]华南农业大学农学院,广东广州510642

出　　处：《广东农业科学》2021年第8期74-82,共9页Guangdong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：广东省烟草专卖局(公司)科技项目(粤烟科项201910)。

摘　　要：【目的】探讨低磷胁迫对根系有机酸含量及土壤磷酸酶活性的影响。【方法】采用盆栽试验,设置0 g/株(P1)、4 g/株(P2)、8 g/株(P3)3个P2O5施用量处理,测定根系分泌物、磷酸酶活性、土壤与烤烟磷含量、农艺性状。【结果】不施磷条件下,土壤全磷含量下降。低磷胁迫下,烤烟有机酸分泌能力增强,其中P1处理烤烟旺长中期有机酸含量提高240.22%,以苹果酸为主,占比在55%以上。不同施磷水平对3种磷酸酶活性影响不一致,低磷胁迫下,酸性磷酸酶活性显著上升,旺长期与现蕾期分别上升148.75%、123.97%;中性磷酸酶与碱性磷酸酶活性受施磷水平影响较小,相关性分析表明,有机酸含量与酸性磷酸酶活性呈正相关。不同施磷水平下烤烟磷素吸收积累存在差异,以P1处理烤烟磷素含量与磷浓度最低、烤烟全磷含量为1019.39 mg,P3处理最高、达1600.89 mg,且P3处理的烤烟农艺形状表现最好,显著优于P1处理。【结论】不施磷肥时,烤烟通过调节有机酸分泌与提高酸性磷酸酶活性,维持生长发育,但农艺性状表现较差;每株施用P2O58 g,提高了烤烟磷素的吸收能力,但农艺性状与P2处理差异不显著,每株施用P2O54 g在不影响烤烟生长发育的同时能降低磷肥施用量,可为生产中磷肥的施用量提供参考。【Objective】The study was carried out to explore the effects of low phosphorus stress on root organic acid content and soil phosphatase activity of flue-cured tobacco.【Method】By using pot experiment,three different P2O5 application amounts of 0 g/plant(P1),5 g/plant(P2)and 10 g/plant(P3)were set to determine the root exudates,phosphatase activity,soil and tobacco phosphorus content and agronomic traits.【Result】The total phosphorus content in the soil was decreased without applying phosphorus.Under the condition of low phosphorus stress,the organic acids secretion capacity of flue-cured tobacco was increased.Compared with P3,the organic acid content in P1 treatment increased by 240.22%in the middle period of prosperous period,and it mainly exuded malic acid,accounting for more than 55%.Different phosphorus application levels had inconsistent effects on the three phosphatase activities.Under the condition of low phosphorus stress,acid phosphatase activity had risen significantly,which increased by 148.75%and 123.97%respectively in the vigorous growing stage period and the budding stage.Neutral phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase were less affected by phosphorus application levels.The correlation analysis showed that,the content of organic acid was positively correlated with acid phosphatase activity.The phosphorus absorption and accumulation of tobacco plants were different.Tobacco plants under P1 treatment had the lowest phosphorus content and phosphorus concentration,the total phosphorus content of tobacco plant was 1019.39 mg,and the that of P3 treatment was the highest,reaching 1600.89 mg.P3 treatment had the best agronomic shape,which was significantly better than that of P1 treatment.【Conclusion】Without phosphate fertilizer,the flue-cured tobacco could meet the needs of normal growth by regulating the secretion of organic acids and increasing the acid phosphatase activity,but the performance of agronomic traits was poor.The phosphorus absorption capacity of tobacco plants under P3 treatment wa

关 键 词：烤烟 施磷量 根系分泌物 磷酸酶 磷积累 

分 类 号：S572.062[农业科学—烟草工业]