不同灌溉模式对水稻耗水量及产量的影响  

Effects of different irrigation modes on water consumption and yield of rice

作　　者：邱佳慧 刘博懿 靳伟荣 才硕 喻宏磊 QIU Jiahui;LIU Boyi;JIN Weirong;CAI Shuo;YU Honglei(Jiangxi Provincial Irrigation Experimental Station,Nanchang 330096,China)

机构地区：[1]江西省灌溉试验中心站,江西南昌330096

出　　处：《江西水利科技》2021年第5期313-316,共4页Jiangxi Hydraulic Science & Technology

基　　金：江西省水利厅科技项目(201922ZDKT07).

摘　　要：设置水稻间歇灌溉和浅水灌溉两种灌溉模式,通过田间试验研究不同灌溉模式对水稻耗水特性与产量的影响。结果表明,不同的灌溉模式下水稻的耗水过程变化趋势基本一致,均呈现出先逐步上升,到达顶峰,然后下降的趋势。两种灌溉模式的总耗水量比较,显示间歇灌溉模式较浅水灌溉模式具有明显的节水效果。不同灌溉模式对水稻产量及其组成具有一定影响,间歇灌溉较浅水灌溉能够显著提高水稻有效穗、产量,对单穗粒数、结实率、千粒重等指标影响不显著。间歇灌溉较浅水灌溉在全生育期的耗水量更低,同时产量还略高,因此水分利用效率得到显著提高。Two irrigation modes,intermittent irrigation and shallow water irrigation,were set up to study the effects of different irrigation modes on water consumption characteristics and yield of rice through field experiments.The results showed that the change trend of water consumption process of rice under different irrigation modes was basically the same,gradually rising first,reaching the peak,then decreasing.The comparison of total water consumption between the two irrigation modes shows that intermittent irrigation mode has obvious water saving effect compared with shallow water irrigation mode.Different irrigation modes have certain effects on yield and composition of rice.Intermittent irrigation with shallow water can significantly improve effective panicle and yield of rice,but has no significant effect on grain number per panicle,seed setting rate and 1000-grain weight.Intermittent irrigation consumes less water than shallow water irrigation during the whole growth period and yields are slightly higher,so water use efficiency is significantly improved.

关 键 词：水稻 间歇灌溉 浅水灌溉 耗水量 产量 水分利用效率 

分 类 号：S274.3[农业科学—农业水土工程]