表达与实践:赵翼反对援引野史补校正史辨议  

Declaration and Practice:The Discrimination about Zhao Yi′s Idea of Opposing to Utilize the Non-official History to Supplement and Collate the Official History

作　　者：高远 GAO Yuan(Cotlegeof History,Culture and Tourism,Sichuan Nonnal university,Chengdu,Sichuan 610066,China)

机构地区：[1]四川师范大学历史文化与旅游学院,四川成都610066

出　　处：《廊坊师范学院学报（社会科学版）》2021年第3期57-66,97,共11页Journal of Langfang Normal University(Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目“近代史学转型视野下的赵翼史学传播接受研究”(19CZS001)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：赵翼是清代乾嘉时期著名的历史学家,其代表作《廿二史劄记》是乾嘉史学中独树一帜的著作。全书不仅对正史中历代治乱兴衰的大事进行研究,而且多次博征野史典籍补校正史,这就与他卷首表示的反对援用从前史官弃余的稗乘小说来纠驳正史的言辞声明相矛盾。正是这种表达与实践上的差距,使其后不少学者就赵翼对待正史与野史之态度及野史征引问题产生了歧异。深入剖析赵翼野史观念与实践运用自相矛盾的原因,可以发现这与乾嘉时代文字狱以及赵翼师承交游、受同时代学术风气习染、参与官方史学活动等都有很大关系。Zhao Yi was a famous historian in the Qian-Jia period of the Qing dynasty,whose book Reading Notes of the Twenty-two Histories was a unique work in the Qian-Jia historiography.The book not only studied major issues about the rise and fall of differ-ent dynasties in the official history,but also made supplements and corrections using references from non-official history books,which contradicted with his statement in the first volume of the book that he opposed to use the unofficial history materials discard-ed by former historians to refute the true history.It was this gap between expression and practice that has led to many scholars′dif-ferent opinions regarding Zhao Yi′s attitude towards official history and unofficial history as well as the issues of unofficial historycitation.Pinpointing the reasons for the contradiction between Zhao Yi′shistorical concept and practice towards unofficial historyfinds out that it is related to not only the literary inquisition in the Qian-Jia period and also his communication with his teachersand friends,the impact of contemporary academic atmosphere,and his participation in official historiography activities.

关 键 词：赵翼 正史 野史 《廿二史劄记》 

分 类 号：K092[历史地理—历史学]