细胞外囊泡的来龙去脉与疾病诊治  

The ins and outs of extracellular vesicles

作　　者：张奥 曾木圣[1] Zhang Ao;Zeng Musheng(State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine,Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center,Guangzhou 510060,Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]中山大学肿瘤防治中心,华南重点实验室,肿瘤医学协同创新中心,广东广州510060

出　　处：《生物医学转化》2021年第3期14-23,共10页Biomedical transformation

基　　金：博士后创新人才支持计划(BX202003399);中国博士后科学基金(2021M693653)。

摘　　要：细胞外囊泡是细胞释放的核外粒体、凋亡小体、癌小体与外泌体的统称。作为一种重要的细胞间信号传导方式,其在多种生理、病理过程中发挥至关重要的作用。有关细胞外囊泡的研究近年来快速发展,基础研究与转化应用研究齐飞并进。细胞外囊泡不仅可作为液体活检的重要靶标,也为药物的传递提供了新的转化思路。本文将对细胞外囊泡的来源、生理与病理功能、纯化与检测手段和转化研究进展等进行综述,期待细胞外囊泡转化产品尽快进入临床应用,为患者带来福音。Extracellular vesicles refer a population of vesicles bodies including ectosomes,apoptosis bodies,oncosomes and exosomes released by cells.And as an important intercellular signaling tool,they play vital roles in various pathological processes.In recent years,the research focusing on extracellular vesicles has developed rapidly,and the basic research and the transformational application research have been going hand in hand.Extracellular vesicles can not only be used as an important target for liquid biopsies,but also provide a promising idea for drug delivery.This paper will review the formation,physiological and pathological function,purification and detection methods and transformational research progress of extracellular vesicles.We look forward to the transformation of extracellular vesicles into clinical applications as soon as possible,and bringing good news to patients.

关 键 词：细胞外囊泡 外泌体 液体活检 药物传递 

分 类 号：Q25[生物学—细胞生物学] R459.9[医药卫生—治疗学]