基于自我参照编码的复合反应范式:有效鉴别有罪者和无罪知情者  

The Complex Trial Protocol based on self-referential encoding:Discriminating the guilty from the knowledgeable innocent

作　　者：邓晓红[1] 李婷[1] 薛超[1] J。Peter Rosenfeld 卢洋 王莹[1] 展小飞 鄢阁俊 欧阳丹[1] DENG Xiaohong;LI Ting;XUE Chao;JPeter ROSENFELD;LU Yang;WANG Ying;ZHAN Xiaofei;YAN Gejun;OUYANG Dan(Department of Psychology,Normal College,Hubei University,Wuhan 430062,China;Department of Psychology,Northwestern University,Evanston IL60201,USA)

机构地区：[1]湖北大学师范学院心理学系,武汉430062 [2]美国西北大学心理学系,美国埃文斯顿IL60201

出　　处：《心理学报》2021年第10期1105-1119,共15页Acta Psychologica Sinica

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目(17YJA190002)资助。

摘　　要：隐藏信息测试在司法实践中应用受限的主要原因是容易将知道犯罪相关信息的无罪知情者误判为有罪者,因此,需探索有效区分有罪者和无罪知情者、有罪者和无罪不知情者的测谎技术。复合反应范式(complex trial protocol,CTP)是一种能有效抵抗反测谎的隐藏信息测试,但尚未成功用于鉴别有罪者和无罪知情者。本研究设计了可同时测量EPN和P300的基于自我参照编码的CTP,每个试次的第一部分随机呈现探测刺激或无关刺激,第二部分随机呈现目标刺激(自己姓名)或非目标刺激(他人姓名),要求被试在两个部分看到刺激时均做“与我有关”和“与我无关”的反应。结果表明,基于自我参照编码的CTP能有效区分有罪者和无罪知情者,EPN区分有罪者和无罪知情者的鉴别力优于P300,P300区分有罪者和无罪不知情者的鉴别力优于EPN。The concealed information test(CIT)is a lie detection method,which can determine if a criminal suspect knows the crime-related information and then infer whether the suspect is guilty.The CIT has high internal validity but it is easy to misjudge an innocent person who knows the crime-related information as a guilty one.Therefore,it is necessary to improve CIT's detection accuracy for the guilty and the knowledgeable innocent persons.The complex trial protocol(CTP)is a modified CIT which can effectively resist countermeasures,but it hasn’t been successfully applied to discriminate the guilty from the knowledgeable innocent.The present study designed a novel CTP based on self-referential encoding,which measured the early posterior negativity(EPN)and P300.The probe or one of the irrelevant stimuli was randomly presented in the first phase of a trial,and the target(participant’s name)or one of the non-targets(others’names)was randomly presented in the second phase of a trial.The participants needed to make self-related or self-unrelated responses in two phases when they saw the stimuli.The results revealed that:(1)the area under the curve(AUC)for P300 to discriminate the guilty from the unknowledgeable innocent was 0.922,which was significantly higher than 0.5(the chance level).The AUC for P300 to discriminate the guilty from the knowledgeable innocent was 0.605,which was not significantly different from 0.5,and the false positive rate of the knowledgeable innocent was 75%.The AUC for P300 to discriminate the knowledgeable innocent from the unknowledgeable innocent was 0.859,which was significantly higher than 0.5.(2)The AUC for EPN to discriminate the guilty from the unknowledgeable innocent was 0.770,and the AUC for EPN to discriminate the guilty from the knowledgeable innocent was 0.721.The two AUCs were significantly larger than 0.5.The false positive rate of the knowledgeable innocent was 12.5%.The AUC for EPN to discriminate the knowledgeable innocent from the unknowledgeable innocent was 0.516,which was

关 键 词：自我参照编码 复合反应范式 无罪知情者 P300 EPN 

分 类 号：B849[哲学宗教—应用心理学] D917.2[哲学宗教—心理学]