基于农艺及品质性状与SSR标记的青贮玉米品种遗传多样性分析  

Genetic diversity analysis of silage corn varieties based on agronomic and quality traits and SSR markers

作　　者：刘少荣 杨扬[1] 田红丽[1] 易红梅[1] 王璐[1] 康定明[2] 范亚明 任洁[1] 江彬 葛建镕[1] 成广雷[1] 王凤格[1] LIU Shao-Rong;YANG Yang;TIAN Hong-Li;YI Hong-Mei;WANG Lu;KANG Ding-Ming;FANG Ya-Ming;REN Jie;JIANG Bin;GE Jian-Rong;CHENG Guang-Lei;WANG Feng-Ge(Maize Research Center,Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/Beijing Key Laboratory of Maize DNA Fingerprinting and Molecu-lar Breeding,Beijing 100097,China;College of Agronomy and Biotechnology,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市农林科学院玉米研究中心/玉米DNA指纹及分子育种北京市重点实验室,北京100097 [2]中国农业大学农学院,北京100193

出　　处：《作物学报》2021年第12期2362-2370,共9页Acta Agronomica Sinica

基　　金：“十三五”国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0102005)资助。

摘　　要：青贮玉米是优质饲料作物,对畜牧业的大力发展具有重要意义。为了探究青贮玉米品种的遗传多样性现状,以141个通过国家及各省区(市)审定的青贮玉米品种为材料,基于农艺及品质性状与SSR标记从生态区角度对供试品种进行遗传多样性分析。结果表明,13个农艺及品质性状的变异系数区间为10.30%~30.31%,平均为16.01%;多样性指数区间为0.50~0.71,平均为0.60。农艺及品质性状聚类将供试品种划分为5个组,同一生态区来源的品种多归为同一组。40个SSR标记共检测到482个等位变异,平均每个位点12.05个,多态性信息含量(polymorphism information content,PIC)变幅为0.27~0.89,平均为0.68。南方品种大部分聚集在同一组,与东华北、黄淮海和西北品种间的遗传距离均较远,分别为0.054、0.047和0.046。两种方法分析结果具有共性,但也存在一定的差异,南方品种在农艺及品质性状和SSR标记上均具有特异性,西北和黄淮海品种仅在农艺及品质性状具有特异性。将两种方法相结合,能更全面、准确的了解青贮玉米品种的遗传背景,为不同生态区新品种选育及推广种植提供依据和参考。Silage corn is a high-quality feed crop,which is of great significance to the vigorous development of animal husbandry.In order to explore the current status of genetic diversity of silage corn varieties,141 silage corn varieties approved by national or provincial(municipal)were used as materials.From the perspective of ecological regions,the genetic diversity of the test varieties was analyzed by agronomic and quality traits and SSR markers.The results showed that the coefficient of variation of the 13 agronomic and quality traits ranged from 10.30%to 30.31%,with an average of 16.01%;the diversity index ranged from 0.50 to 0.71,with an average of 0.60.According to the cluster analysis of tested varieties based on agronomic and quality traits,all the varieties were divided into five groups,and most of them from the same ecological region were classified into the same group.A total of 482 allelic variants were detected for 40 SSR markers,with an average of 12.05 per locus,and the polymorphic informa-tion content(PIC)ranged from 0.27 to 0.89,with an average of 0.68.The genetic distances between South varieties and Northeast,Huang-Huai-Hai,or Northwest varieties are relatively far with a value of 0.054,0.047,and 0.046,respectively,and most of South varieties are clustered in the same group.The analysis results of the two methods show both commonalities and differences.South varieties show specificity in both agronomic and quality traits and SSR markers,while Northwest and Huang-Huai-Hai varieties show specificity only in agronomic and quality traits.Combination of the two methods can thus help us understand the genetic background of silage corn varieties more comprehensively and accurately,and provide basis and reference for the selection and promotion of new varieties in different ecological regions.

关 键 词：青贮玉米 审定品种 遗传多样性 SSR标记 农艺及品质性状 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学] S548