车用绿色生物材料现状及未来发展趋势  

Present Situation and Future Development Trends of Green Biomaterials for Vehicles

作　　者：何晓夏 杨海潮 王童 陈轶嵩 张凌霄 罗耿 He Xiaoxia;Yang Haichao;Wang Tong;Chen Yisong;Zhang Lingxiao;Luo Geng(School of Automobile,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710021)

机构地区：[1]长安大学汽车学院,西安710021

出　　处：《汽车文摘》2021年第10期31-35,共5页Automotive Digest

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51075187);国家自然科学基金(71173072);陕西省重点产业创新链项目(2020ZDLGY16-08);陕西省青年科技新星人才支持计划项目(S2021-0-ZC-XXXM-0059)。

摘　　要：重点介绍6种车用绿色生物材料:改性聚乳酸、改性聚丁二酸丁二醇酯、聚羟基烷酸酯、生物基尼龙、生物基聚烯烃和天然纤维复合材料,并介绍了这6种材料的性能及在汽车上的应用情况。目前汽车生物材料主要是生物基塑料,应用在汽车内饰件、座椅等领域,由于其降解不可控,使用寿命受限,生产成本普遍比较高,故限制了其在汽车上的应用。作者提出未来生物材料的发展方向是开发新的生物材料,扩大其使用种类,创新研发生物基材料改性技术,改善其力学及使用性能,争取应用在更多的结构件中。This paper introduces 6 kinds of green biomaterials for automobile:modified polylactic acid,modified polybutanediol succinate,polyhydroxyalkanate,bio-chinosone,bio-based polyolefin and natural fiber composite materials.Furthermore,their properties and applications in automobiles are reviewed.At present,automotive biomaterials are mainly bio-based plastics,which are used in automotive interior accessories,seats and other fields.Due to their uncontrollable degradation,limited service life and high production cost,their applications in automobiles are restricted.In conclusion,the development direction of biomaterials in the future refers to develop new biomaterials and expand their application types through more innovative research and development of biology-based material modification technology with its mechanics and performance improvement so as to be applied in more structural parts in vehicles.

关 键 词：汽车 生物材料 绿色环保 发展趋势 

分 类 号：U473.4[机械工程—车辆工程]