清洗方法对葡萄中四种农药残留的去除效果分析  

Removal effect of five kinds of cleaning methods on four pesticide residues in grape

作　　者：刘炜[1] 刘行[2] 王艺多 杨晓凤[1] 尹全[1] 张富丽[1] LIU Wei;LIU Xing;WANG Yi-duo;YANG Xiao-feng;YIN Quan;ZHANG Fu-li(Institute of Quality and Testing Technology for Agro-products,Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Chengdu 610066,China;Institute of Economic Crops Breeding and Cultivation,Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Chengdu 610066,China;Office,Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Chengdu 610066,China)

机构地区：[1]四川省农业科学院,农业质量标准与检测技术研究所,成都610066 [2]四川省农业科学院,经济作物育种栽培研究所,成都610066 [3]四川省农业科学院院机关,成都610066

出　　处：《湖北农业科学》2021年第17期116-120,共5页Hubei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：四川省创新能力提升工程公益深化项目资助(2016GYSH-032)。

摘　　要：为有效去除葡萄中的农药残留,根据人们日常生活中葡萄食用前的清洗习惯,考察5种不同清洗方式(清水冲洗和清水、盐水溶液、小苏打水溶液、果蔬清洁剂溶液浸泡后清水水冲洗)对葡萄中4种农药的去除效果。结果表明,清水冲洗和清水、2.0%盐水溶液、2.0%小苏打水溶液、2.0%果蔬清洁剂水溶液浸泡后清水冲洗,对葡萄中甲霜灵、多菌灵、戊唑醇残留的平均去除率分别是61.32%、74.85%、73.26%、72.25%、84.64%,最好的方式是2.0%果蔬清洁剂清洗,其次是清水浸泡;对霜霉威而言,最好的清洗方式为清水浸泡,平均去除率为61.28%,其次是2.0%蔬果清洗剂溶液,平均去除率为55.37%。各种清洗方式均能有效去除葡萄中的农药残留,农药残留的去除效果与清洗方式、农药和葡萄种类有关。To explore the influence of cleaning methods on pesticide residue removal effect of grape in daily life,namely cleaning in⁃cluding rinsing with running water,cleaning after soaking in water,edible salt,sodium bicarbonate solution,fruit and vegetable cleaning solution.The results showed that the average elution rates of metalaxyl、carbendazim and tebuconazole by with running water,cleaning after soaking in water,2.0%edible salt,2.0%sodium bicarbonate solution,2.0%fruit and vegetable cleaning solution were 61.32%,74.85%,73.26%,72.25%,84.64%,respectively,the best cleaning method was 2.0%fruit and vegetable cleaning,followed by water immersion.In the detection of propamocarb,the best cleaning method was water immersion,whose average removal rate was 61.28%,followed by special 2.0%fruits and vegetables detergent cleaning,whose average removal rate was 55.37%.All the five cleaning methods in this study can effectively remove pesticide residues in grapes,the removal rate of pesticide residues was closely re⁃lated to the cleaning methods,categories of pesticides and grape.

关 键 词：葡萄 农药 残留 清洗 去除效果 

分 类 号：S663.1[农业科学—果树学]