不同克氏原螯虾养殖模式下幼虾生长、体成分和血淋巴生化指标的比较  

Comparison of growth performance,body composition and serum biochemical indexes of Procambarus clarkii larvae in four farming models

作　　者：徐滨[1] 魏开金[1] 马宝珊[1] 徐进[1] 朱祥云[1] 刘伟[1] XU Bin;WEI Kai-jin;MA Bao-shan;XU Jin;ZHU Xiang-yun;LIU Wei(Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Key Laboratory of Freshwater Biodiversity Conservation,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Wuhan 430223,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院长江水产研究所,农业农村部淡水生物多样性保护重点实验室,武汉430223

出　　处：《淡水渔业》2021年第5期84-90,共7页Freshwater Fisheries

基　　金：中国水产科学研究院基本科研业务费资助项目(2018HY-ZD0401);国家重点研发计划“蓝色粮仓科技创新”重点专项(2018YFD0901303,2019YFD0900305)

摘　　要：为几种克氏原螯虾(Procambarus clarkii)养殖模式的优劣提供数据参考,对池塘单养克氏原螯虾、虾鱼混养、虾蟹混养、稻虾养殖四种模式进行比较,研究了其水体理化指标、幼虾生长、体成分、血淋巴生化等指标,试验周期60 d。结果表明:体长和体重均呈现虾单养组>虾鱼组>虾蟹组>稻虾组;克氏原螯虾的体长增长率随时间大体呈逐渐下降的趋势;体重增长率和特定增长率则呈先升高后降低的趋势;虾单养组、虾鱼组及虾蟹组的体重增长率均在30 d达到最高,而稻虾组在40 d达到最高。四种养殖模式克氏原螯虾的体成分组成差异较大,全虾的粗蛋白含量虾蟹组显著高于另外三个组,粗脂肪含量虾单养组显著低于另外三个组,水分含量稻虾组显著高于虾单养组、虾蟹组,灰分稻虾组显著低于另外三个组。血淋巴生化指标分析表明虾蟹组和虾鱼组在总蛋白、白蛋白和血糖高于虾单养组和稻虾组,甘油三酯和转氨酶低于虾单养组和稻虾组。研究表明,从生长角度看虾单养组生长最快,从虾体成分看稻虾组最接近野生群体,从血清生化指标看虾蟹组最健康。The growth,body composition and serum biochemical indexes of Procambarus clarkii were studied in four kinds of culture models,namely,P.clarkii ponds,P.clarkii and fish mixed culture,P.clarkii and crab mixed culture,and rice P.clarkii culture.The test period was 60 d.The results showed that the body length and body weight of P.clarkii ponds,P.clarkii and fish mixed culture,P.clarkii and crab mixed culture,and rice P.clarkii culture.The growth rate of the body length of P.clarkii was decreasing,and the weight growth rate and specific growth rate increased first and then decreased,and the weight growth rate of P.clarkii ponds,P.clarkii and fish mixed culture,P.clarkii and crab mixed culture reached the highest in 30 d.And the rice P.clarkii culture reached the highest in 40 d.The composition of the four species of P.clarkii was significantly different.The crude protein content of the P.clarkii and crab mixed culture was significantly higher than that of the other 3 groups,and the crude fat content of the P.clarkii ponds was significantly lower than the other 3 groups.The water content of the rice P.clarkii culture was significantly higher than the P.clarkii ponds and the P.clarkii and crab mixed culture,and the ash of the rice P.clarkii culture was significantly lower than the other 3 groups.The analysis of serum biochemical indexes showed that the total protein,albumin and blood sugar in P.clarkii and fish mixed culture,P.clarkii and crab mixed culture were higher than that of the P.clarkii ponds,and the rice P.clarkii culture,and the triglyceride and the transaminase were lower than that of the P.clarkii ponds,and the rice P.clarkii culture.

关 键 词：克氏原螯虾(Procambarus clarkii) 养殖模式 水环境 生长性能 体成分 生化指标 

分 类 号：S966.12[农业科学—水产养殖]