黏籽西瓜、籽瓜和普通西瓜的植物学性状比较分析  

Comparative study on agronomic characters of egusi,edible-seed and common watermelon

作　　者：袁平丽[1] 龚成胜 何楠[1] 刁卫楠 Muhammad Jawad Umer 朱红菊[1] 杨东东 Muhammad Anees 路绪强[1] Kaseb M O 赵胜杰[1] 刘文革[1] YUAN Pingli;GONG Chengsheng;HE Nan;DIAO Weinan;MUHAMMAD Jawad Umer;ZHU Hongju;YANG Dongdong;MUHAMMAD Anees;LU Xuqiang;KASEB M O;ZHAO Shengjie;LIU Wenge(Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of South Asian Fruits and Cucurbits/Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Zhengzhou 450009,Henan,China)

机构地区：[1]河南省南亚瓜果学国际联合实验室·中国农业科学院郑州果树研究所,郑州450009

出　　处：《中国瓜菜》2021年第9期15-25,共11页China Cucurbits And Vegetables

基　　金：中国农业科学院科技创新工程专项经费项目(CAAS-ASTIP-ZFRI-07);国家重点研发计划(2018YFD0100704);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-25-03);国家自然科学基金(31672178和31471893);河南省科技攻关项目(202102110197)。

摘　　要：西瓜属于葫芦科的重要水果作物,栽培类型丰富多样,其中黏籽西瓜、籽瓜和普通西瓜是被人类栽培和食用的主要类型,但是这3种类型西瓜的植物学性状差异并没有被系统调查过。针对18份黏籽西瓜、38份籽瓜、174份普通西瓜品种的14个植物学性状进行调查和统计分析,结果显示,供试西瓜品种的植物学性状变异范围大,不同性状在3种类型西瓜之间的差异显著,籽瓜和黏籽西瓜的表型更相似。系统聚类和PCA分析可以将3种类型的西瓜品种基本区分开来,籽瓜介于黏籽西瓜和普通西瓜之间。该研究结果有助于充分了解和利用西瓜种质资源,能够为培育理想株型和优质的西瓜新品种提供科学依据。Watermelon is belong to Cucurbitaceae family with diversity of cultivation types.Egusi watermelon(C.mucosospermus),edible seed watermelon(Citrullus lanatus var.megalospermus)and common dessert watermelon(Citrullus lanatus var.vulgaris)are the three main types that cultivated and consumed by human beings.The investigation of agronomic traits can help us to understand and make full use of watermelon germplasm resources.However,the phenotypic differences of these three types of watermelon have not been systematically investigated.In this study,14 botanical characters(cotyledon length,cotyledon width,hypocotyl length,hypocotyl diameter,number of branches,internode length,main vine length,main vine diameter,petiole length,petiole angle,fruit weight,fruit rind thickness,soluble solid content at center flesh,100-seed-weight)of 18 egusi watermelon,38 edible seed watermelon and 174 common dessert watermelon were investigated at different growth stages.The big width coefficient of variation was observed in watermelon germplasm resources.There were significant differences on 14 agronomic traits between three types of watermelon.The phenotypic characteristics of edible seed watermelon and egusi watermelon were similar.Furthermore,the overall cluster and PCA analysis based the phenotypic data showed that the three types of watermelon could be basically distinguished by the agronomic characters,and the edible seed watermelon was between that of egusi and common dessert watermelon.The results are helpful to make full use of watermelon germplasm resources and provide scientific basis for breeding new watermelon varieties with ideal plant architecture and high fruit quality.

关 键 词：黏籽西瓜 籽瓜 普通西瓜 植物学性状 

分 类 号：S651[农业科学—果树学]