Pacing profiles and tactical behaviors of elite runners  

作　　者：Arturo Casado Brian Hanley Pedro Jimenez-Reyes Andrew Renfree 

机构地区：[1]Faculty of Health Sciences,Isabel I University,Burgos 09003,Spain [2]Carnegie School of Sports,Leeds Beckett University,Leeds LS63QS,UK [3]Centre for Sport Studies,Rey Juan Carlos University,Madrid 28943,Spain [4]Institute of Sport and Exercise Science,University of Worcester,Worcester WR26AJ,UK

出　　处：《Journal of Sport and Health Science》2021年第5期537-549,共13页运动与健康科学（英文）

摘　　要：The pacing behaviors used by elite athletes differ among individual sports,necessitating the study of sport-specific pacing profiles.Additionally,pacing behaviors adopted by elite runners differ depending on race distance.An“all-out”strategy,characterized by initial rapid acceleration and reduction in speed in the later stages,is observed during 100 m and 200 m events;400 m runners also display positive pacing patterns,which is characterized by a reduction in speed throughout the race.Similarly,800 m runners typically adopt a positive pacing strategy during paced“meet”races.However,during championship races,depending on the tactical approaches used by dominant athletes,pacing can be either positive or negative(characterized by an increase in speed throughout).A U-shaped pacing strategy(characterized by a faster start and end than during the middle part of the race)is evident during world record performances at meet races in 1500 m,5000 m,and 10,000 m events.Although a parabolic J-shaped pacing profile(in which the start is faster than the middle part of the race but is slower than the endspurt)can be observed during championship 1500 m races,a negative pacing strategy with microvariations of pace is adopted by 5000 m and 10,000 m runners in championship races.Major cross country and marathon championship races are characterized by a positive pacing strategy;whereas a U-shaped pacing strategy,which is the result of a fast endspurt,is adopted by 3000 m steeplechasers and half marathoners.In contrast,recent world record marathon performances have been characterized by even pacing,which emphasizes the differences between championship and meet races at distances longer than 800 m.Studies reviewed suggest further recommendations for athletes.Throughout the whole race,800 m runners should avoid running wide on the bends.In turn,during major championship events,1500 m,5000 m,and 10,000 m runners should try to run close to the inside of the track as much as possible during the decisive stages of the race when the

关 键 词：ATHLETICS Distance running PACING SPRINTING 

分 类 号：G822[文化科学—体育训练]