SnO_(2)/NiO复合半导体纳米纤维的制备及气敏性能研究  

Preparation and Gas Sensing Properties of SnO_(2)/NiO Composite Semiconductor Nanofibers

作　　者：储宇星 刘海瑞 闫爽 CHU Yuxing;LIU Hairui;YAN Shuang(School of Textile and Materials Engineering,Dalian Polytechnic University,Dalian 116034,China;School of Materials Science and Engineering,Northeastern University,Shenyang 110819,China)

机构地区：[1]大连工业大学纺织与材料工程学院,大连116034 [2]东北大学材料科学与工程学院,沈阳110819

出　　处：《无机材料学报》2021年第9期950-958,共9页Journal of Inorganic Materials

基　　金：辽宁省自然科学基金计划指导项目(2019-ZD-0129)。

摘　　要：采用静电纺丝技术结合化学沉淀法和高温煅烧处理,制备了具有不同Sn含量的SnO_(2)/NiO复合半导体纳米纤维。采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM),X射线衍射仪(XRD)和能量色散X射线光谱仪(EDS)对样品的形貌,结构以及各元素含量进行表征。以乙醇为目标气体,探究SnO_(2)/NiO纳米纤维的气体传感性质,以及Sn含量对复合纳米纤维气敏性能的影响。研究结果表明,SnO_(2)/NiO复合纳米纤维具有三维网状结构,SnO_(2)复合对NiO纳米纤维的气敏性能具有明显的增强作用。随着SnO_(2)含量的增加,复合纤维对乙醇气体的响应灵敏度增强,其中响应最高的复合纳米纤维在最佳工作温度160℃条件下对体积分数为100×10^(–6)乙醇气体的响应灵敏度为13.4,是NiO纳米纤维最大响应灵敏度的8.38倍。与市面常见的乙醇气体传感器MQ-3相比,SnO_(2)/NiO复合纳米纤维的最佳工作温度更低,响应灵敏度更高,具有一定的实际应用价值。SnO_(2)/NiO composite semiconductor nanofibers with different Sn contents were prepared by electrospinning combined with chemical precipitation and high temperature calcination.Morphology,structure and elemental content of the samples were characterized.Taking ethanol as the target gas,the gas sensing properties of SnO_(2)/NiO nanofibers and the influence of Sn content on the gas sensing properties of the composite nanofibers were investigated.The results show that the SnO_(2)/NiO composite nanofibers have a three-dimensional network structure,and the SnO_(2) composite can significantly enhance gas sensing properties of NiO nanofibers.With the increase of SnO_(2) content in composite fibers,the response of samples to ethanol is enhanced.Among them,the SnO_(2)/NiO nanofibers with the highest sensitivity show response value of 13.4 to 100×10^(–6) ethanol(volume fraction)at the optimum working temperature of 160℃.The maximum response value of the SnO_(2)/NiO nanofibers exhibits 8.38 times enhancement compared to that of NiO nanofibers.Compared with comercial MQ-3,a commonly used ethanol sensor,the SnO_(2)/NiO composite nanofibers have lower optimal working temperature and higher response sensitivity,which shows great potential in practical application.

关 键 词：氧化镍 二氧化锡 纳米纤维 气敏性能 复合材料 

分 类 号：TQ340[化学工程—化纤工业] TP212[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]