侧部集中排烟口布置对烟气层吸穿影响研究  

Influence of the side concentrated smoke exhaust layout on the smoke layer absorption and penetration

作　　者：姜学鹏[1,2,3] 李超 谢智云[1,2] JIANG Xue-peng;LI Chao;XIE Zhi-yun(School of Resource and Environmental Engineering,Wuhan University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430081,China;Fire Safety Technology Institute,Wuhan University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430081,China;Industrial Safety Engineering Technology Research Center of Hubei Province,Wuhan University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430081,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉科技大学资源与环境工程学院,武汉430081 [2]武汉科技大学消防安全技术研究所,武汉430081 [3]武汉科技大学湖北省工业安全工程技术研究中心,武汉430081

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2021年第4期1506-1515,共10页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51874213,51806156);湖北省重点研发计划项目(2020BCB072)。

摘　　要：侧部集中排烟是新型隧道火灾通风排烟模式。为探究侧部集中排烟模式下烟气层吸穿问题,采用数值模拟方法对排烟口处烟气层热物理特性的影响进行研究,改变排烟口间距、形状(长宽比)、面积、距拱顶距离等因素,分析了发生吸穿现象所对应的温度分布、烟气层厚度及排烟效率。结果表明:侧部集中排烟模式排烟口处发生吸穿现象的区域位于排烟口下部靠火源一侧空间;随排烟口间距增大,烟气层更容易发生吸穿现象;当排烟口面积一定时,排烟口的长宽比越大,排烟口发生吸穿的区域越小,吸穿现象越弱;得到了15 MW火灾情况下侧部排烟口的最优尺寸、间距及排烟口距拱顶最佳距离。This paper intends to take the horizontal tunnel under the side smoke exhaust mode as the research object so as to explore and find out its influence on the smoke exhaust phenomena from the perspectives of the distance,shape,area,and distance from the vault.And,since the side smoke exhaust mode is different from the top smoke exhaust,and its characteristic mode may aggravate the mixture and the disturbance effects in the process of smoke propagation,it would be made difficult to make the flow features of the smoke more to predict.And,then,through the FDS numerical simulation method,it has to study and work out the effect of the distance,the area,the shape and the distance from the vault of the side smoke outlet on the smoke layer penetration at the smoke outlet,as well as the temperature cloud map near the smoke outlet and the smoke exhaust efficiency,in addition to the change of the height of the smoke layer,etc.,as to reveal the changing regularity of the smoke layer suction area of the smoke exhaust port under the conditions of the different exhaust port areas and aspect ratios.Thus,the above research results show that in the side centralized smoke exhaust mode,the area wherein the smoke exhaust occurs has to be located on the side spot of the fire source under the exhaust section.At the same time,in the side centralized smoke exhaust tunnel,the cross-sectional smoke,the height of the gas layer may tend to get lower due to the increase of the lateral distance from the smoke exhaust port,so as to make the interface between the smoke layer and the cold air getting to be declining lower from the smoke exhaust port to the side of the tunnel.And,then,with the increase in the distance between the exhaust ports,the smoke layer may tend more likely to be sucked through.And,then,for a certain range,it would be beneficial to increase the area of the exhaust port for the smoking to get exhausted,whereas the smoke layer may get a weaker suction and needed penetration.Rather,at a certain time,the greater the ratio of the l

关 键 词：安全工程 隧道火灾 侧部排烟 吸穿 数值模拟 烟气特性 

分 类 号：X932[环境科学与工程—安全科学]