控制灌溉对寒地水稻产量及品质的影响  

Effects of Controlled Irrigation on Yield and Quality of Water-Saving and Drought-Resis-tance Rice in Cold Region

作　　者：丁国华[1] 曹良子 周劲松[1] 白良明[1] 王彤彤[1] 洛育[1] 杨光[1] 李柱刚[1] 陈磊[1] 姜辉[1] 刘凯[1] 刘昊飞[1] 王雪扬 孙艳玲 黄彦 殷大伟[3] 孙世臣[1] 来永才[1] DING Guohua;CAO Liangzi;ZHOU Jinsong;BAI Liangming;WANG Tongtong;LUO Yu;YANG Guang;LI Zhugang;CHEN Lei;JIANG Hui;LIU Kai;LIU Haofei;WANG Xueyang;SUN Yanling;HUANG Yan;YIN Dawei;SUN Shichen;LAI Yongcai(Institute of Crop Cultivation and Tillage,Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Science/Open Laboratory,Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Science/Key Laboratory of Combining Farming and Animal Husbandry,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Heilongjiang Rice Quality Improvement and Genetic Breeding Engineering Research Center/Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Design and Germplasm Innovation,Harbin 150028,China;Heilongjiang Province Hydraulic Research Institute,Harbin 150080,China;Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University,Daqing,Heilongjiang 163319,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省农业科学院/国家耐盐碱水稻技术创新中心东北分中心/农业农村部种养结合重点实验室/黑龙江省农业科学院开放实验室/黑龙江省水稻品质改良与遗传育种工程技术研究中心/黑龙江省作物分子设计与种质创新重点实验室,哈尔滨150028 [2]黑龙江省水利科学研究院,哈尔滨150080 [3]黑龙江八一农垦大学,黑龙江大庆163000

出　　处：《中国稻米》2021年第5期93-96,共4页China Rice

基　　金：优质水稻适应性优选与提质增效技术研究与示范(GA20B101);黑龙江省农业科学院“农业科技创新跨越工程”专项课题(HNK2019CX02);黑龙江省农业科学院创新工程项目(2019YYYF014,2020FJZX002);国家现代农业产业技术体系专项资金(CARS-01-57);黑龙江省省属科研院所科研业务费项目(CZKYF2020A001)。

摘　　要：以龙稻18及新品系龙稻17006、龙稻17009、龙稻17011、龙稻17016为试验材料,研究了控制灌溉(控灌)和常规灌溉(常灌)对这些材料产量及品质的影响,以期为寒地节水栽培提供参考。结果表明,各参试材料产量和品质对控灌反应不一致。控灌下,龙稻17009、龙稻18产量升高,而龙稻17006、龙稻17011、龙稻17016产量下降;龙稻17009产量在控灌条件下显著高于其他材料,有效分蘖和穗实粒数提升是其增产的主因。控灌降低了龙稻17009、龙稻18、龙稻17011的食味值,提升了龙稻17006食味值。蛋白质含量升高是龙稻17009食味下降的主要原因。此外,控灌有利于水稻在灌浆期维持较高叶色值,维持叶片生理活性。控制灌溉结合适宜水稻品种不但可以实现节水,还能在保持水稻良好品质的情况下提升水稻产量,实现节本增效,有利于寒地水资源的可持续利用。In this study,Longdao 18 and new strains Longdao 17006,Longdao 17009,Longdao 17011 and Longdao 17016 were used as test materials to study the effects of controlled irrigation and conventional irrigation on the yield and quality of these materials,hoping to provide references for water-saving cultivation in cold regions.The results showed that the controlled irrigation treatment had different effects on the yield and quality of the tested materials.Under controlled irrigation,the yields of Longdao 17009 and Longdao18 were higher than those under conventional irrigation,while the yields of Longdao 17006,Longdao 17011,and Longdao 17016 decreased.The yield of Longdao 17009 was significantly higher than other materials under controlled irrigation treatment,and the increase in effective tillers and the increase in the number of grains per panicle were the main reason for its increase in yield.The eating quality of Longdao 17009,Longdao 17011 and Longdao 18 under controlled irrigation was lower than that under conventional irrigation,the increase in protein content was the main reason for the decrease in the taste of Longdao 17009.In addition,controlled irrigation was beneficial to maintaining a higher leaf color value during the filling stage of rice and to maintaining the physiological activity of the leaves.Combining controlled irrigation with water-saving and drought-resistant rice can not only save water,but also increase rice yield while maintaining good quality,achieving cost-saving and increasing efficiency,which is of great significance to the sustainable utilization of water resources.

关 键 词：节水抗旱稻 控制灌溉 产量 品质 寒地 

分 类 号：S511.071[农业科学—作物学]