青岛近海样品中聚丙烯微塑料降解微生物的富集培养及活性研究  

Study on the Enrichment and Activity of Polypropylene Microplastics Degrading Microorganisms

作　　者：李肸 张晓华[1,2,3] 于敏 Li Xi;Zhang Xiaohua;Yu Min(College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China;Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266237, China;Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China)

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学海洋生命学院,山东青岛266003 [2]青岛海洋科学与技术国家实验室海洋生态与环境科学功能实验室,山东青岛266237 [3]中国海洋大学深海圈层与地球系统前沿科学中心,山东青岛266100

出　　处：《中国海洋大学学报（自然科学版）》2021年第10期60-70,共11页Periodical of Ocean University of China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41976137,U1706208);国家重点研究发展计划项目(2018YFC0310701)资助。

摘　　要：本文以PP为唯一碳源对青岛近海海水和沉积物样品中的微生物进行实验室富集培养,对不同富集时间的富集水样及微塑料附着细菌的群落结构进行分析并对富集40 d的PP附着细菌进行分离、鉴定及PP降解活性检测。通过16S rRNA基因高通量测序及分析,发现PP附着细菌出现明显的群落演替,群落多样性随富集时间的延长而增大。PP附着细菌在富集过程中,γ-变形菌纲假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas)和不动杆菌属(Acinetobacter)细菌占绝对优势,其次为α-变形菌纲扎瓦尔金氏菌属(Zavarzinia)及拟杆菌纲(Bacteroidia)细菌。富集培养获得的铜绿假单胞菌LXI681(Pseudomonas aeruginosa)和反硝化无色杆菌LXI668(Achromobacter denitrificans)对PP具有降解活性。本研究为缓解PP微塑料污染提供了潜在的微生物菌种资源。Microplastics refer to plastic fragments with particle sizes smaller than 5 mm,which are widely distributed in marine environments,such as seawater and sediments.At present,few studies focus on the diversity of coastal microorganisms associated with polypropylene(PP)microplastics and screening the microplastics-degrading bacteria through enrichment culture in laboratory.Microorganisms from Qingdao coastal seawater and sediment samples were enriched using PP as the sole carbon source.Bacterial community structures from water and PP samples at the different enrichment time were analyzed.Bacteria attached to PP microplastics after the 40 days of enrichment were isolated,identified and their PP degradative activities were detected.Through the analysis of high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA gene amplicons,the community succession of bacteria attached to PP microplastics was observed by extension of enrichment time,and the diversity of the bacterial community increased.Bacteria belonging toγ-Proteobacteria were dominant in the bacterial communities associated with PP particles,particularly Pseudomonas and Acinetobacter,followed by bacteria affiliated with Zavarzinia and Bacteroidia.In this study,Pseudomonas aeruginosa LXI681 and Acromobacter denitrificans LXI668 can degrade PP,and their PP degradation mechanism could be further studied.Our study provides more microbial resources for alleviating PP microplastic pollution in offshore environments.

关 键 词：聚丙烯微塑料 富集培养 生物降解 近海微生物 

分 类 号：Q938[生物学—微生物学]