郑州“7.20”极端暴雨天气的基本观测分析  

The Basic Observational Analysis of"7.20"Extreme Rainstorm in Zhengzhou

作　　者：苏爱芳[1,2,3] 吕晓娜 崔丽曼[1,2,3] 李周 席乐[1,2,3] 栗晗 SU Aifang;LÜXiaona;CUI Liman;LI Zhou;XI Le;LI Han(Henan Key Laboratory of Agrometeorological Support and Applied Technique,CMA,Zhengzhou 450003;State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather,Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences,Beijing 100081;Henan Meteorological Observatory,Zhengzhou 450003)

机构地区：[1]中国气象局(河南)农业气象保障与应用技术重点实验室 [2]中国气象科学院灾害天气国家重点实验室,北京100081 [3]河南省气象台,郑州450003

出　　处：《暴雨灾害》2021年第5期445-454,共10页Torrential Rain and Disasters

基　　金：河南省2021年度国家超级计算郑州中心创新生态系统建设科技专项(201400210800);河南省科技攻关项目(212102310416);中国气象科学研究院灾害天气国家重点实验室开放课题项目(2021LASW-A09)。

摘　　要：2021年7月18日08时—22日08时(北京时),受黄淮低涡外围东风急流影响,郑州出现了历史罕见的极端暴雨天气,并造成严重山体滑坡、泥石流、城市内涝及人员伤亡。利用探空、地面自动站和雷达拼图产品等基本观测数据对此次天气过程进行初步分析。结果表明,此次极端暴雨天气表现出持续时间长、降水强度极强、累积降水量罕见等极端性特征。此次极端大暴雨的形成原因复杂,但就初步分析结果看,大气环流形势稳定、水汽和能量充足、地形作用明显以及对流系统不断向郑州地区积聚、合并及停滞是基本成因。本文旨在分析此次极端暴雨洪涝灾害性过程的基本观测现象,为深入开展此次严重致灾性罕见极端暴雨的机理及可预报性研究提供参考。Affected by the easterly jet around the Huang-Huai vortex,extreme rainstorm occurred in Zhengzhou from 08∶00 BT 18 to 08∶00 BT 22 July 2021,and caused serious landslides,mudslides,urban waterlogging and casualties.Based on observations from sounding,automatic weather stations and radar composite products,the preliminary analysis of this event was made.The results indicate that the extreme rainstorm has the characteristics of long duration of heavy rainfall,large accumulated rainfall,outstanding extremes,and strong short-term rainfall.The reasons for the extreme heavy rain are complicated.However,based on the preliminary analysis results,the basic causes are stable atmospheric circulation,sufficient water vapor and energy,terrain effect obviously and the convective systems that continuously accumulated,merged and stagnated in Zhengzhou.This study focuses on the analysis of the basic observational phenomena of this extreme rainstorm,sorts out the original data for the subsequent research,and lays the foundation for further in-depth study on the mechanism and predictability of this rare extreme rainstorm.

关 键 词：郑州极端暴雨 低涡 抬升凝结高度 对流系统 观测分析 

分 类 号：P458.121.1[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]