过敏性休克严重药品不良反应的特点及救治过程分析  

Characteristics and treatment of severe adverse drug reactions in anaphylactic shock

作　　者：刘琛[1] 褚燕琦[1] 闫素英[1] 赵思邈 赵业婷[2] LIU Chen;CHU Yan-qi;YAN Su-ying;ZHAO Si-miao;ZHAO Ye-ting(Department of Pharmacy,Xuanwu Hospital,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100053,China;Beijing Adverse Drug Reaction Monitoring Center,Beijing 100024,China)

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学宣武医院药剂科,北京100053 [2]北京市药品不良反应监测中心,北京100024

出　　处：《中国药物应用与监测》2021年第4期245-247,共3页Chinese Journal of Drug Application and Monitoring

基　　金：北京市科学技术委员会“老年人多重用药管理模式的建立与临床应用研究”专项资助课题(D181100000218002);北京市卫生和计划生育委员会“老年重大疾病关键技术研究”项目(PXM2018_026283_000002);北京市属医院科研培育计划项目(PX2020038)。

摘　　要：目的:评价过敏性休克患者的救治过程,提高临床对过敏性休克抢救药物选择的认识。方法:调取北京市药品不良反应(ADR)监测中心2004年1月1日–2016年12月31日收到的过敏性休克报告,分析患者基本情况、致敏药物、救治药物使用情况,评价救治药物的合理性。结果:共有141例患者,男女比例1∶1.35,年龄40~67岁,28例(19.86%)患者有既往ADR史。致ADR可疑药物排名前3位的分别是抗感染药物55例(39.01%)、抗肿瘤药物25例(17.73%)、造影剂18例(12.77%)。抢救中使用肾上腺素、H1受体拮抗剂、糖皮质激素的患者分别有76例(53.90%)、51例(36.17%)、118例(83.69%)。结论:需要进一步提高过敏性休克患者肾上腺素使用率,制定过敏性休克患者肾上腺素规范使用的临床路径。Objective:To evaluate the characteristics and treatment process of drug-induced anaphylactic shock and promote the awareness of rescue drugs for anaphylactic shock in clinic.Methods:Anaphylactic shock reports from Beijing adverse drug reaction monitoring center in period of January 1st 2014 to December 31st 2016 were collected and analyzed in terms of the patient's basic information,sensitizing drugs,rescue drugs in order to evaluate the rationality of the treatment process.Results:A total of 141 patients were enrolled in this study,among which male to female ratio was 1∶1.35.The age ranged from 40 to 67 years old.28 patients(19.86%)had a history of previous ADR.The top 3 suspected drugs were antibiotics(55 cases,39.01%),anti-tumor agents(25 cases,17.73%)and contrast media(18 cases,12.77%).There were 76 patients(53.90%),51 patients(36.17%)and 118 patients(83.69%)using adrenaline,H1 receptor blockers and glucocorticoid respectively during the course of salvage.Conclusion:It is necessary to further improve the use rate of adrenaline in patients with anaphylactic shock and formulate the clinical path of standardized use of adrenaline in patients with anaphylactic shock.

关 键 词：过敏性休克 严重药品不良反应 肾上腺素 救治分析 

分 类 号：R969.3[医药卫生—药理学]