西南区山间盆地粘土渗透性与抗剪性改良研究  

Improvement of Permeability and Shear Strength of Clay Soil in Mountain Basin in Southwest China

作　　者：王豹 张慧颖 张晓光[2] 夏运生[1] 张建生[1] WANG Bao;ZHANG Hui-ying;ZHANG Xiao-guang;XIA Yun-sheng;ZHANG Jian-sheng(College of Resources and Environments,Yunnan Agricultural University,Yunnan Kunming 650201,China;College of Resources and Environments,Qingdao Agricultural University,Shandong Qingdao 266109,China)

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学资源与环境学院,云南昆明650201 [2]青岛农业大学资源与环境学院,山东青岛266109

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2021年第9期1907-1913,共7页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金“云贵高原山间盆地铅锌冶炼区观赏木本植物吸收重金属特征”(41967024)。

摘　　要：【目的】改良山间盆地粘土水分渗透速度慢、耕作阻力大的缺点,满足经济作物用地需求。【方法】通过耕层土壤掺砂,探索垂直渗透系数和水平抗剪强度变化规律,确定合理掺砂量。【结果】粘土垂直渗透系数为1.90×10^(-7) cm/s,在3 kPa垂直压强下的水平抗剪强度为605.6 kPa。常见容重1.4、1.5 g/cm^(3)时,砂粘壤SCL60和砂壤SL70两个处理与原土相比渗透系数显著变大。【结论】粘土掺砂过程中抗剪强度减小而渗透系数变大,抗剪强度比渗透系数更易于调节。粘土在掺砂达到一定量后土壤渗透系数才显著变大,掺砂量少时渗透系数易受容重影响。粘土少量掺砂时土体抗剪强度就大幅下降,继续掺砂仍然下降但绝对量减小;抗剪强度显著受质地影响,而容重的影响较小。研究结果对于粘土改良具有理论参考意义,对水土及公路、建筑等工程建设具有借鉴作用。【Objective】The shortcoming of low permeability and tillage difficulty of the clay soil in mountain basin was regulated,so the soil was suitable for land use of economical plants.【Method】Sand was added to the topsoil of the origin soil,then the permeability and shear strength were measured,the variation of two indexes were also explored,at last the recommended amount of sand was presented.【Result】The permeability of origin soil was 1.90×10^(-7) cm/s,the shear strength was 605.6 kPa at the vertical pressure of 3 kPa.At the common bulk gravity of 1.4 and 1.5 g/cm^(3),the permeability of sand clay loam SCL60 and sand loam SL70 changed significantly compared to the original soil.【Conclusion】The permeability will increase while the shear strength would decrease in the course of adding sand,and the later could be changed easier.The permeability rapidly increased until the amount of sand was above a certain limit,which was apparently influenced by bulk gravity at the start of adding sand.Only at the start of adding sand,the shear strength decreased dramatically.The shear strength was affected by texture far than bulk gravity.The study was useful to improvement of clay soil,agricultural water construction,road building and house construction.

关 键 词：山间盆地 粘土 渗透系数 抗剪强度 土壤改良 

分 类 号：S156[农业科学—土壤学]