43份扁穗牛鞭草资源在中高海拔地区的适应性评价  

Adaptability Evaluation of 43 Hemarthria compressa (L. f.)R. Br. Resources in Middle and High Altitude Areas

作　　者：徐远东[1] 范彦[1] 冉启凡 陈积山 何玮[1] XU Yuan-dong;FAN Yan;RAN Qi-fan;CHEN Ji-shan;HE Wei(Chongqing Academy of Animal Husbandry/Chongqing Grass Industry Engineering Technology Research Center,Chongqing 400015,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆市畜牧科学院/国家牧草产业技术体系云阳综合试验站/重庆市草业工程技术研究中心,重庆400015

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2021年第9期1977-1985,共9页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：科技部科技基础资源调查专项“中国南方草地牧草资源调查”(2017FY100602);重庆市科技局技术创新与应用示范(社会民生类重点研发)“优质地方饲草资源开发利用与示范”(cstc2018jscx-mszdX0060);重庆市草食牲畜产业体系创新团队。

摘　　要：【目的】探索评价扁穗牛鞭草耐寒适应性的有效方法,筛选耐寒性较强的优良种质资源。【方法】以43份扁穗牛鞭草资源材料为研究对象,观察其越冬返青情况及早春生长情况,利用差异性分析、相关性分析、主成分分析和聚类分析法开展牛鞭草资源的适应性评价。【结果】供试43份牛鞭草资源的耐寒生长差异性较大,其中79.07%的资源不能越冬或能越冬但生长表现较差或一般,20.93%的资源不仅能顺利越冬,生长表现也较佳。主成分分析显示产量、水分、分蘖数和叶型可作为牛鞭草耐寒材料选育中优先考虑的因子。聚类分析将越冬后返青的40份材料分为4类,第Ⅰ类仅1份材料,第Ⅱ类有8份材料,第Ⅲ类有5份材料,第Ⅳ类有26份材料。【结论】试验筛选出的类群Ⅰ和类群Ⅱ共9份资源材料,表现出了较好的越冬和早春生产性能,可作为进一步的耐寒材料选育利用。【Objective】The present paper aimed to explore an effective method for the evaluation of cold tolerance adaptability of Hemarthria compressa(L.f.)R.Br.,screening excellent germplasm resources with strong cold tolerance.【Method】In the study,43 samples of Hemarthria compressa(L.f.)R.Br.resources were used to observe their greening over winter and growth in early spring.The adaptability of Hemarthria compressa(L.f.)R.Br.resources was evaluated by difference analysis,correlation analysis,principal component analysis and cluster analysis.【Result】Among the 43 tested resources,79.07%could not survive in the winter or could survive in the winter but the growth performance was poor or ordinary,20.93%could not only survive in the winter but also the growth performance was good.Principal component analysis showed that yield factors,water content factors,tiller number factors and leaf shape factors could be considered as the priority factors in the selection of cold resistant materials of Hemarthria compressa(L.f.)R.Br.Cluster analysis divided the 40 materials into four categories,of which only 1 material was in classⅠ,8 materials were in classⅡ,5 materials were in classⅢand 26 materials were in classⅣ.【Conclusion】A total of 9 resource materials of GroupⅠand GroupⅡwere selected from the experiment,which showed good performance of overwintering and early spring production,and could be used as further cold-resistant materials breeding.

关 键 词：扁穗牛鞭草 种质资源 主成分分析 聚类分析 适应性评价 

分 类 号：S543[农业科学—作物学]