含沙空化对轴流泵内压力脉动特性的影响  

Effect of cavitation on pressure pulsation characteristics of an axial-flow pump under sand conditions

作　　者：林鹏 向林嵚 胡东 翟松茂 郭鹏程[3] 王舒 LIN Peng;XIANG Linqin;HU Dong;ZHAI Songmao;GUO Pengcheng;WANG Shu(School of Energy and Mechanical Engineering,Hunan University of Humanities,Science and Technology,Loudi 417000,China;Ningbo Jushen Pumps Industry Co.,Ltd.,Ningbo 315135,China;School of Water Conservancy and Hydropower,Xi’an University of Technology,Xi’an 710048,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南人文科技学院能源与机电工程学院,湖南娄底417000 [2]宁波巨神制泵实业有限公司,浙江宁波315135 [3]西安理工大学水利水电学院,西安710048

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2021年第18期140-147,共8页Journal of Vibration and Shock

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52006061);湖南省自然科学基金(2020JJ5273);湖南省教育厅科学研究项目(19B298);湖南省重点领域研发计划项目(2019SK2192)。

摘　　要：为了阐明含沙量、粒径、空化等因素对轴流泵内部压力脉动特性的影响,分别在清水、含沙水、清水空化及空化与泥沙磨损联合作用下,采用SST k-ω湍流模型对轴流泵内部压力脉动特性进行数值模拟分析,得到以下结论:泥沙的加入会加剧压力脉动,且促进空化的发展;叶轮出口处脉动系数均大于进口处,说明除空化外,叶轮与导叶的动静干涉是引发压力脉动的一个主要因素,且空化会增大压力脉动,对泵的振动造成不利影响;压力脉动引发的振动信号主要频率成分包括2.5 Hz,10 Hz和20 Hz,与水泵的转频2.5 Hz,叶频10 Hz及其二倍频20 Hz保持一致。In order to clarify the influences of sediment concentration,particle size,cavitation and other factors on the internal pressure pulsation characteristics of an axial-flow pump,the SST k-ωturbulence model was adopted to do a simulation on the internal pressure pulsation characteristics under the conditions of clear water,sandy water,cavitation and cavitation under sand.The results show that the addition of sediment will increase the pressure pulsation and promote the development of cavitation.The pulsation coefficient at the impeller outlet is greater than that at the inlet.In addition to cavitation,the dynamic and static interference between the impeller and the guide vane is a major factor in causing pressure pulsation,and cavitation will further increase the pressure pulsation and adversely affect the vibration of the pump.The main frequency components of the vibration signal induced by pressure pulsation include those of 2.5 Hz,10 Hz and 20 Hz,which are consistent with the pump frequency of 2.5 Hz,the leaf frequency of 10 Hz and its second harmonic frequency of 20 Hz.

关 键 词：轴流泵 含沙空化 压力脉动 数值模拟 空化特性 

分 类 号：TH313[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]