广州市区小学生性格特征分析  

Analysis of the personality traits of primary school students in Guangzhou city

作　　者：钟佳材 何珊珊 黄淑玲 谭凯文 周濛 孙艺 汪慧[2] 景钦隆[2] 赵晶 李铁钢[2] ZHONG Jiacai;HE Shanshan;HUANG Shuling;TAN Kaiwen;ZHOU Meng;SUN Yi;WANG Hui;JING Qinlong;ZHAO Jing;LI Tiegang(Division of Preventive Medicine,School of Public Health,Guangzhou Medical University,Guangzhou 511436,China;Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Guangzhou 510440,China)

机构地区：[1]广州医科大学公共卫生学院预防医学系,广州511436 [2]广州市疾病预防控制中心,广州510440

出　　处：《广州医药》2021年第5期92-96,104,共6页Guangzhou Medical Journal

基　　金：2019年度省级大学生创新创业训练计划(S201910570054);2019年广州医科大学大学生实验室开放项目(C195015029)。

摘　　要：目的探讨广州市区小学生的性格发展状况,为了解和促进广州市儿童的性格和身心健康发展提供科学依据和建议。方法采取横断面调查研究,通过整群随机抽样的方法抽取广州市区两所小学三年级学生共405名,采用儿童艾森克个性问卷(Junior Eysenck Personality Questionnaire,JEPQ)量表进行问卷调查,采用两独立样本t检验比较性别、年龄组、不同地区间的JEPQ各维度得分,采用卡方检验比较不同地区间JEPQ各维度的高分比例。结果广州市区小学生JEPQ的内外向(extroversion and introversion,E)、神经质(neuroticism,N)、精神质(psychoticism,P)、掩饰性(lie,L)维度标准分T分分别为50±11、50±16、42±18、50±10。其中,20.6%的儿童情绪不稳定(N维度T分>61.5);22.3%和32.7%的儿童分别为内向(E维度T分<43.3)和外向(E维度T分>56.7)倾向;6.3%的儿童性格孤僻或有攻击性(P维度T分>61.5)。与重庆、滁州、和西安地区相比,广州地区男女生的E维度得分较高(除西安女生,P<0.05)。结论广州市区的两成小学生有焦虑、紧张的倾向,与其他城市相比更为外向。建议打造学校-社区-家庭“三位一体”的支持网络,为儿童的身心健康发育保驾护航。Objective To explore the personality status of urban primary school students in Guangzhou,to provide evidence and suggestions for personality traits,as well as physical and psychological health improvement of children in Guangzhou city.Methods This is a cross-sectional study.Cluster sampling was applied to the survey of personality traits in 405 grade-3 pupils from two primary schools of Guangzhou,using Junior Eysenck Personality Questionnaire(JEPQ).Independent t test was used to compare scores of all the dimensions in JEPQ between genders,age groups,and districts.Chi-square was used to compare proportion of high score in each dimension between districts.Results The standard T points of JEPQ in the dimensions of extroversion&introversion(E),neuroticism(N),psychoticism(P),lie(L)of Guangzhou city pupils were 50±11,50±16,42±18 and 50±10,respectively.Among them,20.6% of subjects were emotionally unstable(T score>61.5 in N dimension).22.3% and 32.7% of children were introverted(T score<43.3 in E dimension)and extroverted(T score>56.7 in E dimension)respectively,and 6.3% of children were unsocial or aggressive(T score>61.5 in P dimension).Compared with Chongqing,Chuzhou and Xi-an cities,the scores of E dimension were higher in both boys and girls of Guangzhou city(except for Xi-an girls,P<0.05).Conclusion Around twenty percent of Guangzhou city primary students tend to be anxious and nervous.Compared with the other cities,pupils in Guangzhou city are more extroverted.We suggested a three-in-one support network of school-community-family should be built to facilitate the children's physical and mental health development.

关 键 词：广州 艾森克人格问卷 儿童性格 

分 类 号：G444[哲学宗教—心理学]