‘乐都紫皮大蒜’多倍体的诱导与鉴定  

Induction and Identification of Polyploid in'Ledu Purple Garlic'

作　　者：张广楠 郭春倩 张祥林 田洁 Zhang Guangnan;Guo Chunqian;Zhang Xianglin;Tian Jie(Qinghai Key Laboratory of Vegetable Genetics and Physiology,Agriculture and Forestry Sciences Institute of Qinghai University,Xining,810016;State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture,Qinghai University,Xining,810016;Vegetable Technical Service Center of Ledu District,Haidong City,Agriculture and Rural Bureau of Ledu District,Haidong City,Qinghai Province,Ledu,810700)

机构地区：[1]青海大学农林科学院,青海省蔬菜遗传与生理重点实验室,西宁810016 [2]青海大学,省部共建三江源生态与高原农牧业国家重点实验室,西宁810016 [3]青海省海东市乐都区农业农村局,海东市乐都区蔬菜技术服务中心,乐都810700

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2021年第17期5768-5774,共7页Molecular Plant Breeding

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31760568);青海省科技厅重点实验室项目(2020-ZJ-Y02);2019年度中国科学院“西部之光”人才培养计划(1-2);青海省科技厅科技成果转化专项(2020-NK-121);青海省农林科学院创新基金项目(2019-NKY-02)共同资助。

摘　　要：‘乐都紫皮大蒜’因其风味独特并具有高含量的碳水化合物,市场价值和开发利用前景广阔。利用多倍体诱导技术,可促进优良大蒜种质的创制。本研究通过秋水仙素浸泡‘乐都紫皮大蒜’的愈伤组织进行四倍体诱导,并利用流式细胞仪及农艺性状测定等方法进行鉴定。结果表明:在含有0.5 mg/L 6-BA+1.5 mg/L 2,4-D的B5培养基上培养大蒜愈伤组织的诱导率最高,愈伤组织长势最佳。以0.2%的秋水仙素浸渍4 h,愈伤组织的四倍体细胞诱导率最高,达39.42%。在此条件下,处理愈伤组织后诱导再生试管苗,愈伤组织存活率为54.44%,多倍体再生植株的诱导率为28.89%。与二倍体植株相比,四倍体试管苗的株高、叶长、叶宽、假茎长显著增加了183.44%、181.18%、133.33%和58.33%。本研究为培育大蒜新种质提供了技术方法与科学依据。Because of its unique flavor and high carbohydrate content,'Ledu Purple Garlic'has a broad market value and development prospect.The polyploid induction technique can promote the creation of good garlic germplasm.In this study,tetraploid induction was conducted by soaking colchicine in callus of'Ledu Purple Garlic',and identified by flow cytometry and agronomic traits determination.The results showed that the highest induction rate and the best growth of callus was obtained under in the B5 medium with 0.5 mg/L 6-BA+1.5 mg/L 2,4-D.When the callus was impregnated with 0.2%colchicine for 4 h,the tetraploid induction rate was the highest,reaching 39.42%.The survival rate of callus was 54.44%,and the induction rate of polyploid regenerated plantlets was 28.89%.Compared with diploid plantlets,plant height,leaf length,leaf width and pseudostem length of tetraploid plantlets in vitro were significantly increased by 183.44%,181.18%,133.33%and 58.33%.This study provided technical method and scientific basis for cultivating new garlic germplasm.

关 键 词：大蒜 多倍体诱导 倍性鉴定 秋水仙素 

分 类 号：S633.4[农业科学—蔬菜学]