我国城市社区治理结构转换路径及发展趋向  

Transformation Path and Development Trend of Urban Community Governance Structure in China

作　　者：许宝君 XU Baojun(School of Marxism,Sichuan University,Chengdu,Sichuan 610200,China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学马克思主义学院,四川成都610200

出　　处：《求实》2021年第5期58-71,111,共15页Truth Seeking

基　　金：2021年度教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金“城市社区治理共同体生成要素与可持续发展机制研究”(21YJC840030),负责人:许宝君;中国博士后科学基金第68批面上资助项目“社区在突发公共事件应对中的角色功能与作用机制研究”(2020M683343),负责人:许宝君。

摘　　要：政府介入、组织创新与居民集体行动是影响社区治理结构的内在变量。在这三重变量交互影响下,社区治理经历了动员式治理、嵌入式治理和内生式治理的结构性转换。动员式治理阶段,单位制影响式微,居委会普遍成立,政府采取科层式介入的方式与之建立起一种异化的委托代理关系;居民自治意识淡薄,被动参与明显。嵌入式治理阶段,随着"三社"联动在全国的推开,社会组织在政府购买社会服务的政策引导下,跟随项目嵌入社区;居民参与具有选择性,仍然没有自主行动起来。内生式治理阶段,政府创新介入方式,注重挖掘社区内部基因,其鼓励居民自主成立的社区社会组织是一种在地力量,这在一定程度上能够打破集体行动的困境,促进居民的组织化参与。在共建共治共享背景下,未来社区治理应该走向一种治理主体互勾互连、治理方式深度融合、治理单元多种多样和治理秩序有条不紊的共同体治理结构。Government intervention,organizational innovation and residents’collective action are theinternal variables that affect the community governance structure.Under the interactive influence ofthese three variables,community governance has undergone structural transformation from mobilizationgovernance,embedded governance to endogenous governance.In the stage of mobilization governance,with the declined influence of the danwei system,neighborhood committees were generally establishedand the government adopted bureaucratic intervention to establish an alienated principal-agent rela-tionship with it;residents’self-governance consciousness was weak and passive participation was obvi-ous.In the embedded governance stage,with the promotion of the"tripartite linkage"across the country,social organizations were embedded in the community following the projects under the guidance of thegovernment’s policy of purchasing social services;residents’participation is selective,and there wasstill no independent action.In the stage of endogenous governance,the government innovates the inter-vention methods and pays attention to tapping the internal genes of the community.It encourages theresidents to set up their own community social organizations as a kind of local power,which can breakthe dilemma of collective action to a certain extent and promote the organized participation of the resi-dents.Under the background of co-construction,governance and sharing,future community governanceshould move towards a community governance structure with interconnected governance subjects,deepintegration of governance methods,various governance units and orderly governance order.

关 键 词：城市治理 社区治理 动员式治理 嵌入式治理 内生式治理 共同体治理 

分 类 号：C916[经济管理]