‘中林1号’核桃不同树形坚果品质分析  

Analysis on Quality of'Zhonglin No.1'Walnut with Different Tree Shapes

作　　者：刘雪芳 刘慧芳 常月梅 LIU Xuefang;LIU Huifang;CHANG Yuemei(Shanxi Longshui Biotechnology Co.,Ltd,Taiyuan,Shanxi 030000,China;Shanxi Qierkang Samara Biological Products Co.,Ltd,Linfen,Shanxi 042199,China;Horticultural Institute,Shanxi Agriculture University,Taigu,Shanxi 030801,China;Shanxi Academy of Forestry and Grassland Science,Taiyuan,Shanxi 030012,China)

机构地区：[1]山西隆水生物技术有限公司,山西太原030000 [2]山西琪尔康翅果生物制品有限公司,山西临汾042199 [3]山西农业大学园艺院,山西太谷030801 [4]山西省林业与草原科学研究院,山西太原030012

出　　处：《天津农业科学》2021年第9期19-23,共5页Tianjin Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：山西省重点研发计划项目(201603D221015-3)。

摘　　要：为筛选‘中林1号’核桃高品质坚果树形,本文以盛果期‘中林1号’品种为研究对象,选择自然圆头形、纺锤形、疏散分层形3种树形,分析了核桃树冠不同部位坚果单果质量、核仁质量、壳厚等物理性状及油脂、蛋白质、单宁、脂肪酸含量等化学特性的差异,简述了核桃树形对核桃坚果品质的影响。结果表明,自然圆头形树冠内膛坚果单果质量9.85 g,壳厚0.96 mm,油脂含量67.97%,蛋白质含量13.07%,均低于纺锤形和疏散分层形,单宁含量(11.90 mg·g^(-1))高于纺锤形和疏散分层形,其仁色黄褐色、口感涩,品质表现为内膛最差、中部较好、外围最好,而纺锤形、疏散分层形树冠内、中、外部坚果品质差异不大。总的来说,纺锤形、疏散分层形坚果品质整体优于自然圆头形,可在生产中推广应用。In order to select the optimum tree shape with high quality nut for walnut,the experiment was conducted with Zhonglin No.1'in full fruit period as the material.Three tree shapes including natural round shape,spindle shape and evacuation-layered shape were selected,and the physical properties such as single walnut weight,kernel weight,shell thickness and the chemical properties such as oil content,protein content,tannin content and fatty acid content were estimated,to analyze the effects of tree shapes on the quality of walnut.The results showed that in the inner crown of natural round shape,the single walnut weight was 9.85 g,the shell thickness was 0.96 mm,the oil content was 67.97%,the protein content was 13.07%,and the above indices were lower than the other two tree shapes;the tannin content(11.90 mg·g^(-1))was higher than the other two tree shapes.And also,in the natural round shape,the kernel color was yellow-brown,the taste was astringent,and the quality represented that worst in the inner crown,better in the middle and best in the periphery,while the quality difference were not significant both in the spindle shape and evacuation-layered shape.In conclusion,the walnut quality of spindle shape and evacuation-layered shape were better than that of natural round shape,indicating that the two tree shapes could be applied in the production.

关 键 词：核桃 树形 树冠部位 坚果品质 

分 类 号：S664.1[农业科学—果树学]