蒙元时期云南蒙古语地名“哈剌章”“察罕章”释义  

Restudy of Yunnan's Mongolian Place Names“qarajang”and“chahanjang”in the Mongolian Yuan Dynasty

作　　者：李心宇 Li Xinyu(Department of History,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学历史学系,北京100871

出　　处：《学术探索》2021年第9期107-117,共11页Academic Exploration

摘　　要：哈剌章、察罕章是元代蒙古人对云南境内大理、丽江地区的称呼,但其确切含义,至今仍存争议。以往学者大多根据《经世大典》和《元史·兀良合台传》中的记载,分别将之解释为乌蛮和白蛮,但该观点存在诸多问题,难成定论。本文认为,14世纪初期伊利汗国宰相拉施特编撰的《史集》将哈剌章译为“大国”或“大的地区”是迄今为止最为合理的解释。察罕章的含义很有可能与江水、雪山等具有白色意象的自然地理事物有关。哈剌章与察罕章含义的背后,呈现出蒙元时期云南地区汉、梵、蒙、藏多种文化相互碰撞交融的格局。Qarajang and chahanjang were the names that Mongolians called Dali and Lijiang in Yunnan during the Yuan Dynasty,but their exact meanings are still in dispute.In the past,most scholars interpreted it as Wuman and Baiman according to the records in Jingshidadian and Yuanshi-Wulianghetaizhuan,but this view has many problems and is difficult to be concluded.This paper argues that a reasonable explanation is the translation of qarajang into big country or large region in the Jami'al-Tawarikh compiled by Prime Minister Rashīdal-Dīn of the Erie Khanate in the early 14th century.The meaning of chahanjang is probably related to natural geographical things such as rivers and snow mountains with white images.Behind the meanings of the words of qarajang and chahanjang are the multi-cultural aspect of the fusion of Han,Sanskrit,Mongolian,and Tibetan cultures in Yunnan during the Mongolian Yuan dynasty.

关 键 词：哈剌章 察罕章 《史集》 云南 

分 类 号：K05[历史地理—历史学]