《冷血》:客体关系与无意识犯罪的想象  

Object Relations in Capote’s In Cold Blood: Imagining a Psychological Crime

作　　者：邱文颖 张龙海[3] Qiu Wenying;Zhang Longhai(the College of Foreign Languages and Cultures,Xiamen University,Xiamen,China,361005;the College of Foreign Languages and Cultures,Kunming University of Science Technology,Kunming,China,650500;School of Foreign Studies,Minnan Normal University,Xiamen,China,361005)

机构地区：[1]厦门大学外文学院 [2]昆明理工大学外国语言文化学院 [3]闽南师范大学外国语学院

出　　处：《当代外国文学》2021年第3期5-12,共8页Contemporary Foreign Literature

摘　　要：面对20世纪六七十年代美国底层阶级遭受的社会不公和经济压迫,杜鲁门·卡波特把《冷血》的叙述聚焦于无意识犯罪的心理机制。罪犯的"无意识之思"体现在梦境叙事、人物刻画和创伤童年叙事中,折射出罪犯无意识里对超我客体的恐惧、理想自我的嫉羡和过渡性客体的缺失。这三种客体关系根源于罪犯畸形的原生家庭和经济不公与阶级固化的美国社会。本文运用精神分析客体关系理论,分析卡波特的罪犯心理机制叙述,发现他的叙述呈现范式化,人物刻画矛盾重重,揭示了卡波特把《冷血》中的多人谋杀案定性为无动机犯罪仅仅是一种服务于其批判美国统治的想象。Underclass Americans suffered from social inequality and economic oppression in the 1960 s and 1970 s in the United States.In this context,Truman Capote’s In Cold Blood addresses the psychoanalytic mechanisms of unconscious crime through dream narrative,characterization,and traumatic childhood narratives,which reflect respectively the fear of the superego,the envy of the"ideal ego"and the absence of a"transitional object."The three object relations derive from malformed familial environments as well as economic inequality and class solidification in American society.In the light of object relations theory,this article argues that Capote’s unconscious crime narrative follows the paradigm of object relations,and its characterization is full of paradoxes.Capote’s definition of mass murder in In Cold Blood as a motiveless crime derives from an imaginative integration of psychoanalysis and a class-based critique of American society.

关 键 词：杜鲁门·卡波特 《冷血》 客体关系 精神分析 心理犯罪 

分 类 号：I712.074[文学—其他各国文学]